WcQm~NX炳A̐i

<strong>y u</strong>
itww@w@ wAiQm~NXj
emailF<a href="mailto:takashi@chiba-u.jp">yu</a>
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̈Zr[, <strong>6</strong>, e006 (2017)@<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.7875/leading.author.6.e006">DOI: 10.7875/leading.author.6.e006</a>
Takashi Tsuchimatsu: <strong>Population genomics reveals evolutionary processes of plant populations.</strong>

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<h2>v </h2>
@z񌈒Zp̔IȔWɂƂȂCߔNCSQmɂƂÂA̐ǐłDƂɁCЂƂ̎킠邢͕̋߉ɃtH[JXĐ\琔ɂԑ̎QmzɂƂÂ͂gWcQm~NXh̐iW߂܂DWc̃Qmf[^͂邱ƂɂCߋ猻݂ɂ̐̕ϓ╪̉ߒȂǂ̗j𐄒łقCQmCh֘A͂ɂ莩Rψقɂ`qIɓ肷邱Ƃ\łD̃r[ɂẮCfAłVCkiYi̎𒆐SɁCWcQm~NX̎@D

<h2>͂߂</h2>
@̂S`łQmɂ́C2̑ʂD1ڂ́CQm͐ɕKvȏ̃R[hꂽ`q̑̂łC܂܂ȕ\^Âg݌v}hƂĂ̑ʂłD2ڂ́CQm͐eqւƖXƎ󂯌p̂łC̐i̍Ղ܂ꂽgi̗hƂĂ̑ʂłD̐iwɂvȉۑ̂ЂƂ́CQm2̎_ڍׂɉU邱ƂɂC̏Wcɂ݂邳܂܂Ȑỉߒ`q̃x畜\邱ƂłDKIȕ\^͂ǂ̈`q̂ǂ̓ˑRψقɂ萶Ă̂낤D܂Vȕ\^̐iɂ͉̈`qɕψقKvȂ̂낤D鐶̏Wc͉ߋ猻݂ɂ킽ǂ̂悤Ɍ̐ϓĂ̂낤D߉ǂ̎핪͂NĈ̂C`q̗͂ǂ̂炢NĂ邾낤Dz񌈒Zp̌ɂƂȂCЂƂ̎킠邢͋߉ɂ鉖z̈ႢSQmɂ킽eՂԗIɔcł悤ɂȂƂCߔNC̖₢ɓWc`w̎@IɔWĂD
@̃r[ɂĂɂƂ肠̂́CÂЂƂ̎킠邢͕̋߉ɃtH[JXĐ\琔ɂԑ̎QmzɂƂÂ͂gWcQm~NXhłD͂߂ɁCWcQm~NXɂĈf[^Zbgǂ̂悤Ȃ̂ŁC̐̓ԂȂǏWc̗jǂ̂悤ɐ肷邩C܂C\^̕ψقǂ`qǂ̂悤ɐ肷邩CƂ2̎_bi߂D

<h2>1DWcQm~NXɗpf[^Zbg</h2>
@WcQm~NX̊{ɂȂf[^ZbǵCЂƂ̎킠邢͋߉̐\琔ɋyԑ̌̂ɂăQmԗʂ̈`}[J[̃f[^łD`}[J[́CȑOSanger@Ȃǂɂ蓾fГIȉzɂƂÂ̂Cŋ߂͎V[NGT[𗘗pSQmz肷郊V[NGX͂ɂ̂嗬ɂȂDV[NGX͂Ƃ́CłɃQmz񂪉ǂĂɂāC̊m̃QmzQƔzƂāCV[NGT[ɂ蓾ꂽق̌̂̃QmzɗRZziV[g[hj}bsOCQƔzƂ̈Ⴂ̂镔oĂ@łi<a href="#F1">}1a</a>jDQƔzƂ̈ႢƂē̂ɂ1^isingle nucleotide polymorphismFSNPjZ}ьiindeljȂǂ邪CƂpɂɂ݂SNP`}[J[Ƃėp邱ƂDWn̎QƔzɑ΂V[g[h}bsOCQm̑Ŝɂ킽SNP𒊏oD̍Ƃ𑽐̌̂ɂčsƂɂCSNP̋ȃ}gbNX쐬邱Ƃłi<a href="#F1">}1b</a>jDꂪC܂܂ȏWcQm~NX͂̊bƂȂdvȃf[^ZbgłD

<a name="F1"></a><div id="fig1-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}1@WcQm~NXɗpf[^</strong>
iajV[g[h̎QƔzւ̃}bsOɂ1^iSNPj̓D
ibjSNP̃f[^Zbgi}gbNXj̗D
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.1.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=1&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.1.png&amp;caption=fig1-caption-text]

@SNP̃f[^Zbgp邱ƂɂCƂ΁Cꂼ̌݂̂ɂǂ̂炢߉ȒPɌvZ邱ƂłD2̌n𒊏oCSNP𐔂ăQm̑SŊZƁCQmɂĉ̉ɒu݂邩Ƃ߂D̒l͂߉łΏC艓łΑ傫ȂDׂĂ̌̂̑gɂĂ̌vZsςl͉lxƂ΂C̎Wc̈`Iȑl̊{IȎwWɂȂDlx́CƂ΁CVCkiYiŖ0.5Cqgł͖0.1ł邱ƂmĂD
@̂悤Ȍ̂̂̋߉x̑S̑܂ɔc邽߁CQm̗ގx听͂Ȃǂ̎@ɂ2̕ʂɓe邱Ƃ悭sDƂ΁C[bpɂqg̏Wc̈`Iȗމx3000lC500,568`}[J[̑^f[^pĉ͂C听͂pĉ<a href="#R1"><sup>1)</sup></a>D`Iȗމx͏Wĉ̒nIȊ֌WƂނˑΉĂCqǧzړnIɌ肳Ă邱ƂD
@听͂ɂ킦āCNX^O͂ʓIł<a href="#R2"><sup>2)</sup></a>DSTRUCTURE₻̔h̃\tgEFÁCWc̑Ŝ<em>N</em>̕WcɕƉ肵ƂĈ̂̌̂<em>X</em>ԖڂɑmƂ߂̂łDC<em>N</em>̕Wcɕ킯ł͂ȂC̕Wcւ̋A͂肵Ȃ݂̂邱ƂDłCΏۂƂ킪ނˉ̕Wcɕ̂C̉͂炨܂Ȗڈ邱Ƃ͉\łD̂悤ɁCWc`Iɋψɍ肠Ă炸Wĉ悤ȍ\݂ƂCWc\ƂԁD听͂NX^O͂ƂāCΏۂƂ̏Wc\̃p^[c邱ƂłD

<h2>2DWc̐i̗j̐</h2>
@听͂NX^O͂Ȃǂ疾炩ɂꂽWc\́C̎̐i̗j𔽉fĂDƂ΁C̎킪ɂ킽2̕WcɕĂȂCNX^O͂ɂ2̃NX^[ɂ͂蕪邱Ƃ\zD
@WcQm~NX̃f[^p邱ƂɂCWc\c邾łȂC̔wiɂWc̐i̗jʓIɐ肷邱ƂłDŁCWc̗jƂ͋̓IɁCߋɂ̐̑CWc̕C`q̗̉ߒȂǂ̂ƂD̂悤Ȑ̃x[Xɂ̂́CRAZg_icoalescent theoryjƂ΂rIVWc`w̗_łDRAZg_Ƃ́CWc瓾ꂽDNAžn`qn}igene genealogyjƂĉ͂邱ƂɂC܂܂ȐiIȃp[^[ʓIɐ肷Wc`w̍l̂ЂƂłDRAZgicoalescentjƂ́gh邢́gchƖ󂳂CWĉ2DNAz񂪐̂ڂ苤ʂ̑cɂ邱Ƃi<a href="#F2">}2</a>jD

<a name="F2"></a><div id="fig2-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}2@RAZg_̃C[W</strong>
RAZg_́CꂽDNAz̎ił5{̔zjɂāC̋ʂ̑c悪܂ɂ̂ڂ邩ɂė_IȊҒlD܂ł̕ϊҎ<em>T<sub>k</sub></em>́C̐̎ԓIȕωCWĉ̕CRIȂǂɂωD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.2.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=2&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.2.png&amp;caption=fig2-caption-text]

@RAZg_̊jƂȂRZvǵCꂽDNAz̍܂ɂ̂ڂ邩_IȊҒlƂ߂邱ƂłDāC܂ɂǂꂾŃC̐̕ϓCRICWc\Ȃǂ̉eĕωD܂tɍl΁CƂēꂽDNAz̍ǂꂾN𒲂ׂ΁Cߋ̏Wcɂ̐̕ϓȂǂ𐄒ł邱ƂɂȂD܂ɂ́CWc̃TCY傫Ƃɂ͍͑ΓIɏȂCWc̃TCYƂɂ͂葽̍ND́C^C~OŌ̐}1̂Ɍ󋵂lƂ킩₷DׂĂ͍̎ŏIIɕKō͂łD܂Cߋ̂鎞ɏWc2̕WcɕĂƂƁC̊Ԃ̕Wĉɂč͏ȂƂ҂D
@ŋ߁Ĉ悤ȃRAZg_ɂ̐̓Ԃ̐Č̂̃QmChȈ`q^̃f[^ɂƂÂsASYĂꂽDMSMCimultiple sequentially Markovian coalescentjƂ΂邱̎@<a href="#R3"><sup>3)</sup></a>C2{̂1̂̃Qmz񂩂ߋ̌̐̓Ԃ𐄒肷ASYPSMCipairwise sequentially Markovian coalescentj𔭓Ŵł<a href="#R4"><sup>4)</sup></a>D
@ł́CMSMC͂VCkiYĩf[^ɓKpЉDVCkiYi͂ɒAWAC[bpCkAtJCkAJɐ炷1NłCߔNCg1001QmvWFNghƂ΂1135ɋyԖ쐶ñV[NGX͂{ȂǁCWcQm~NX̃fƂĒڂĂ<a href="#R5"><sup>5)</sup></a>D1001QmvWFNg̃V[NGXf[^ƂSNP̃}gbNX쐬CׂĂ̌n̑gɂĉuvZƂCނˁCs[N0.005i0.5jƂ邫ꂢȎR`ɂȂCs[Nl̑傫̐ɂĂӂ݂݂ꂽD́Cق̑命̌nƂ͉Ȍ̂܂Ă邱ƂɂƍlꂽDׂĂ݂ƁC̉Ȍnił́Cg⑶nhƂԁj26nC̑͒nCnɗR̂DMSMC͂{ƂC⑶nƎc̑命̌nƂ̂ɂẮCŏIX̂͂܂7NO납ŏIX݂̂̂̌ɂ܂ŁCقƂǍ݂ȂƂ킩<a href="#R5"><sup>5)</sup></a>ĎʂC҂̂ōŏIX̂̂ɂ͈`IȌ𗬂͂قƂǋNĂȂƂꂽDŏIXɂVCkiYi̕z͓̒nCnɐC̕X͑ޔnɏWcĂƍlĂDŏIX̂̂CX͑ޔnӂѕzg債ۂɁC炭͂ЂƂ̕X͑ޔnɗRn|Iɕpx߁Cꂪ݂̑ȟnƂȂƗ\zꂽDC`Iɕḧ⑶ńCΕX͊̐cƂłԂׂnłCn̓Ȃǂ̕\^ɑȟnƂ͈قȂ݂ƕ񍐂ĂD
@MSMC͂̓VCkiYiłȂCŋ߁CgERV̏WcQm~NXɂKpĂ<a href="#R6"><sup>6)</sup></a>ĎʁCgERV͋߉̖쐶łeIVe1`1.5NOɕ򂵁C̍ہCWc̃TCY5Ɍɋ{glbNʁiтʁĵ͂炢Ƃ킩D̂̂CWc̃TCY͋}ɑC݂͔̍|gERV̏WcłƐ肳ĂD
@RAZg_ƃQmf[^ɂƂÂWc̗j𐄒肷@́CMSMC͂̂قɂ܂܂Ȏ@ĂĂDƂ΁C2̏Wĉň`q̗ǂ̂炢NĂ邩CƂɁC̈`q̗ɔΏ݂̐邩ǂWĉ̑Η`q̕pẍႢɂƂÂ肷ASYƂāai<a href="#R7"><sup>7)</sup></a>DقɁČn֌WƌẌ`q̈`qn}̃p^[̈Ⴂ`q̗oABBA/BABAeXg悭pĂ<a href="#R8"><sup>8)</sup></a>D

<h2>3DQmCh֘A͂̌</h2>
@qgЂƂЂƂĝႤ悤ɁCЂƂ̎̂Ȃɂ͂܂܂ȕ\^̕ψق݂DψقRψقƂԂC̑͂Ƃƌ̂ƂɃQmDNAz񂪏قȂ邱ƂɋNDV[NGX͂̎vȖړÎЂƂ́Ĉ悤Ȏɂ\^̕ψقǂ`ψق邱ƂłC̈ʓIȎ@ƂăQmCh֘Áigenome-wide association studyFGWASjDQmCh֘A͂̓qg̈`ɂĊ֘A`q𓯒肷ړIňȑO痘pĂCߔNCVCkiYiClȂǐÃQmɂĂɗp悤ɂȂĂD
@QmCh֘A͂͏Wcɂ鑽̌̂ɂĕ\^̃f[^擾C\^ƈ`q^Ƃ̓vIȑ֊֌WQm̑Ŝɂ킽T@łi<a href="#F3">}3a</a>jDQmChȈ`q^̃f[^ZbgƂĂSNP̃}gbNX܂ɑDQmCh֘A͂̓T^IȌʂ́Cs[N̂܂j[[Ñ}nb^̃rX̂悤ł邱Ƃ}nb^vbgƂ΂i<a href="#F3">}3b</a>jD\^ƂẮCւ̊󐫂ƒRȂǂ2lIȎI`łȂCg̏dȂǂ̗ʓI`ƂłD

<a name="F3"></a><div id="fig3-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}3@QmCh֘A͂̊TO}</strong>
iaj쐶̏Wc瑽̌̂𓾂āC\^iԕق̒jSNP}[J[Ƃ̑֊֌WQmChɒTD
ibjGWAS̓T^Iȃvbgi}nb^vbgjD̂̂̓_SNPCSNPƕ\^Ƃ̑֊֌Ẅɂčs[N݂D̃s[N̕t߂Ɍ`q݂Ɨ\zD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.3.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=3&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.3.png&amp;caption=fig3-caption-text]

@QmCh֘A͂́C\^̕ψق̌ƂȂ鑽^ƁĈߖTSNP}[J[Ƃ̂ɘAst̂邱Ƃ𗘗pĂDAstƂ́CSNP}[J[\^̕ψق̌ƂȂ鑽^Ȃ2̍ʂ̂ɂ݂Ɨiցj֌ŴƂłDAst͍ʂ̂̑gɂDʂɁCF̂ɂ鋗̋߂ʂ̂̑g͂܂ł邽߁CߖT̍ʂ̘̂Ast͋ȂXDSNP}[J[݂ɂǂ̂炢߂ɂƘAst݂邩͎ɂ傫قȂDVCkiYiɂĂ͂ނ10 kbȓłΘAst݂̂邱Ƃ킩ĂD̂Ƃ͂Ȃ킿CVCkiYiɂĂ̓QmCh֘A͂ɂ藝_10 kbx̐F̗̂̈܂Ō`qڂ荞ނƂł邱ƂӖD

<h2>4DQmCh֘A͂̒ƒZ</h2>
@RψقS`q𓯒肷@ƂāC]F<sub>2</sub>WcȂǂpA͂悭pĂDA͂̂ȂłCƂɗʓI`ۂQTLiquantitative trait lociCʓI``qj͂Ƃ΂DʓI`̏ꍇC\^ƈ`q^Ƃ̑ւ̓vwIȎ舵╡GɂȂ̂́C{IȌ͋ʂD
@QmCh֘A͂ƘA͂ɂ͂ꂼ꒷ƒZDQmCh֘A̖͂炩ɂĂƂ́C킹ȂǂɂoKv̂Ȃ_łD́C؂Ȃǎ肾̂ɑȔNvł͂Ƃɏdvȃbg낤DЂƂ́CʂɃQmCh֘A͂͘A͂}bsỎ𑜓x̍_łD́C}bsOɗpWcɂg̑ʂ̈ႢɋNDF<sub>2</sub>WcpA͂ł͗ẽQmg݊̂F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>2</sub>1݂̂łCQmCh֘A͂ΏۂƂ鎩RWcł͐ゲƂɉNC\NƑgԂĂCWcɂg̐F<sub>2</sub>WcƑȂD̓Iȉ𑜓xƂẮCɏqׂƂC̓ˑRψقƘAst̊֌WɂF̗̂̈i̎ł́CSbp`\kbjɂ܂łڂ邱ƂłƍlDꂾZ̈ɂ͐̈`q܂܂ȂƂCRψقɂ`qQmCh֘A͂ɂs|Cgɓ肷邱Ƃ\ɂȂĂD
@ʂɁCQmCh֘A͂ɂ͘A͂肸Ƒ̈`}[J[KvɂȂD́CQmCh֘A͂SNP}[J[ƌ`qƂ̘̂Ast𗘗p}bsOł邽߁CAst݂镽ϓIȋiɂقȂ邪CSbp`\kbj\ɖȊԊuSNP}[J[݌vĂKv邩łDSNP}[J[̖xႷƁC`qƘAst̊֌WɂSNP}[J[ЂƂ݂ȂƂԂN肤DȂCVCkiYiɂăQmCh֘A͂ɂ悭pĂSNP}[J[̃f[^Zbg͖214,000SNPȂ<a href="#R9"><sup>9)</sup></a>DVCkiYĩQm̃TCY͖130 MbȂ̂ŁCςĖ600 bp1̊Ԋuň`}[J[݂邱ƂɂȂD́CVCkiYiɂĘAst݂̂镽ϓIȋł10 kb肸ƒZԊułDCF<sub>2</sub>WcȂǂpA͂ɂĂ͈ʂɂ܂ő̈`}[J[͕KvȂCS̃}[J[ΐF̂ɂ邨܂ȈʒułD́CA͂̏ꍇC}bsO̗͈`}[J[̐ނg̐łC܂`}[J[𑝂₵Ă𑜓x͓łɂȂƂƂłDg̐𑝂₷ɂ͉͂̐𑝂₷KvD
@QmCh֘A͂ɂďdvȖ_ƂĎwEĂ̂Co̍ۂ̋UzыUAłD̏ꍇCUzƂ͎ۂɂ͌`qł͂Ȃ̂ɌoĂ܂ƂCUAƂ͎ۂɂ͌`qȂ̂ɌoȂƂD
@Uz̐邨ȗv́CΏۂƂWcɂĂ݂Wc\łDWc̑Ŝ`Iɋψɍ肠Ă炸Wĉ悤ȍ\݂ƁCWcƂSNP̑Η`q̕pxقȂ邱Ƃ\zD̂ƂCΏۂƂ\^̕pxWcƂɈقȂƁCQm̑SNPCۂɂ͕\^Ɖ̊֌WȂɂ炸C݂̑ւĂ܂ƂDɒ[ȗlĂ݂Ƃ킩₷Dqg̐gɂ`q𒲂ׂ邽߁C{l1000lƃI_l1000lCv2000lɂăQmCh֘A͂{邱Ƃli<a href="#F4">}4</a>jDނ˓{l͔wႭI_l͔w߁CƂ΁C{l̑ACI_l̑T悤SNṔCgƋւ낤Dł́CSNP͖{ɐg̕ψقɊ֗^Ƃ邾낤D炻ȂCقƂǂ̏ꍇ͈Ⴄ낤D{l̏WcƃI_l̏WcƂ͂܂_ɂ͍肠ĂȂ߁Cꂼ̏WcɌŗĹCāCgɂ͂֌ŴȂSNPQmɑʂɑ݂͎̂ȂƂłD̗͋ɒ[łC{l1000lCI_l1000lƂTvÔ͖炩ɕsK؂łDCۂ̎RWcɂ͑ꏭȂWc\邽߁Ĉ悤Ȍʂ܂ăQmCh֘A͂{邱ƂdvɂȂDQmCh֘A͂̋Uz炷߂ɁC܂ŁC܂܂Ȏ@ĂĂD݁C悭gĂ̂́C`fƂ΂铝vIȎ@ɂWc\̕␳łD̃\tgEFA񋟂ĂC\IȂ̂ƂāCEMMAX <a href="#R10"><sup>10)</sup></a> GEMMA <a href="#R11"><sup>11)</sup></a> DA͂͊{Iɂ̂悤ȏWc\̉eȂDQmCh֘A͂ƘA̗͂{CǂF̗̂̈Ɍoꂽꍇ́CȂMƂ邾낤D

<a name="F4"></a><div id="fig4-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}4@Wc\QmCh֘A͂ɂċUz𐶂</strong>
qg̐g̕ψقɂ`qT邱ƂlDނ˓{l͔wႭI_l͔wD{l̏WcƃI_l̏WcƂ͂܂_ɂ͍肠ĂȂ߁C̈`qɂđΗ`q̕pxɈႢ݂DʂƂāC^̌`qȊÖ`qɂĂgƑւ݂D
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.4.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=4&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tsuchimatsu-6.e006-Fig.4.png&amp;caption=fig4-caption-text]

@̂悤ȏWc\̌ʂɂUzɂ킦CQmCh֘A͂ɂ͋UA̖DUÁCv͌o͂̕sƂƂłC̗v܂܂łDƂ΁C\^ɂ`ψق̏WcɂpxႢƂC̈`q\^ɂڂʂƂC邢́C\^̂łĂʂ̈`q̕ψقłꍇȂǂ́CQmCh֘A͂ɂČoɂȂƍlDʂɁC̐𑝂₷Ƃɂ茟o͂͏㏸̂́C\^̌ƂȂˑRψق̕pxɒ[ɒႢƂȂǂ͌oނ낤D

<h2>5DAɂQmCh֘A͂̌</h2>
@UzUA̖͂̂́C܂łɁCQmCh֘A͂pĎRψقɂ邳܂܂Ȉ`q肳ĂDVCkiYiɂẮCJԂ̎aQɑ΂RȂǂɊւāCȑÖ`wIȌ@\mł`qQmCh֘A͂ɂ葽qbgق<a href="#R12"><sup>12-14)</sup></a>C̃XẽTCY̕ψ<a href="#R15"><sup>15)</sup></a> ≖ϐ<a href="#R16"><sup>16)</sup></a> ɂ`qȂǂɂẮCQmCh֘A͂ɂ܂VK̈`q肳ꂽD܂ŋ߁CClɂĂQmCh֘A͂Ɏ{ĂC䊁îj̒CJԁCÂ̔wȂǂɊ֘A`q肳Ă<a href="#R17"><sup>17,18)</sup></a>i<a href="#R18"><sup>18)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/12735" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjD̂悤ɁCQmCh֘A͂͐VK̈`qTc[ƂĂɗpĂ邪CŁCRWcɑ݂`ψقƕ\^Ƃ̊֌W𒼐ڂɒׂ̂ł邽߁C͎̉̂iwIɏdvȎD[ЉD
@VCkiYi͖k𒆐SɍLz߁C̐炷Cnɂ肳܂܂łD̂̂̌n͎xCȂǂ̐ꏊ̋CɓKĐiĂƍlCꂼ̏WcɂĂ͗LȑΗ`qŒ肵Ă邱Ƃ\zDŁĈ̌n̍̏Wꂽꏊ̋Ĉ܂܂ȃp[^[ꎩ̂̌n̕\^Ƃ݂ȂCC̃p[^[ɂăQmCh֘A͂{ꂽ<a href="#R19"><sup>19)</sup></a>ĎʁC1̍s[N݂ꂽƂCrIʂ̏s[NQm̑Ŝɂ킽葽݂D̃s[ŃČRւ̉nϊɂ`qȂǁCɊ֘A`qLӂɑXĎʂӂ܂CtXk̓ss[ɂĕޏɂ{ꂽD[VCkiYi̎Rzɂ邽߁CQmCh֘A͂ɂqbĝ̂SNPɂāC[̋CɂKق̑Η`q\邱ƂłDāC147n̖쐶nޏɂč͔|Cꂼ̓Kx̎wWƂĎq̐Y𑪒肵ƂC[̋CɂKق̑Η`q葽nقǁCɎq̐Y葽ȂĎ̂悤ɁCQmCh֘A͂ɂ\ƕޏɂ錟؂ƂāCCւ̓K͌ʂ̏̈`q̑킹ɂNƂꂽD
@̌ɂĂ͐ꏊ̋C\^Ƃ݂ȂCقɂ[g\^h͂ႪDޏɂ196ñVCkiYiʂɍ͔|Ct̕\ʂɂǂ̂悤Ȕ̌QW݂邩^Qm͂ɂT<a href="#R20"><sup>20)</sup></a>D̂̂̌nɂ4̂͂ƂCǂ̂悤Ȕǂꂾ݂邩͌nƂɂx̌X̂邱Ƃ킩ĎʂChłVCkiYï`IȔwiCt̕\ʂɑ݂̌QWɉeڂƂꂽDŁČQW̎̑lVCkiYi̕\^Ƃ݂ȂăQmCh֘A͂{ƂCgCRit̕\ʂׂ̔Ȗсǰ`aQɑ΂Rɂ`qȂǂqbgD́C΃h[LX̒Ăgꂽ\^hłCQW̑g̏ĥ̈`q̈`q^ɂ萧񂳂邱ƂꂽD

<h2></h2>
@̃r[ɂẮCЂƂ̎킠邢͕̋߉̑̌̂ɂSNP̃f[^Zbg쐬CWc̗j̐QmCh֘A͂{@т̓KpЉDł͂ӂȂĈ悤ȏWcQm~NX̃f[^قɂł邱ƂƂāĈ̂̈`qɂ͂炢ĂRǏoDRỈ͂ƃQmCh֘A͂Ƃgݍ킹邱ƂɂCڂ\^ɂǂ̒x̋̎RI͂炢Ă̂`q̃x琄肷邱Ƃ\ɂȂD
@AɂK͂ȏWcQm~NX̌́C҂̐lKvȏ̐̏󋵂Ȃǂ̗RCˑRƂăVCkiYiClȂǂ̃fɂ̂łDȂCz񌈒Zp̔IȌ͂܂iɂÂĂĈ悤Ȏ@񃂃fɂ{iIɓKp悤ɂȂ͋߂낤DȂ錤̔WɊ҂D

<h2> </h2>
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</ol>
<div class="au-profile">
<h2>҃vtB[</h2>
<span class="author">y uiTakashi Tsuchimatsuj</span>
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URLF<a href="https://tsuchimatsu.wordpress.com" target="_blank">https://tsuchimatsu.wordpress.com</a>
</div>
? 2017 y u Licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.1/jp/" target="_blank">CC \ 2.1 {</a>
