piRNA̐@\эp@

<strong> ޒÎqE KG</strong>
iwʐȊw RNA@\j
emailF<a href="mailto:tomari@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp"> KG</a>
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̈Zr[, <strong>7</strong>, e003 (2018)@<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.7875/leading.author.7.e003">DOI: 10.7875/leading.author.7.e003</a>
Natsuko Izumi & Yukihide Tomari: <strong>The biogenesis and function of PIWI-interacting RNAs.</strong>

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<h2>v </h2>
@RNATCVO@\̂ЂƂƂĒmpiRNAoH́C̐BɂāCɃgX|]̗̔}ɋ@\DpiRNA͖30̏qRNAŁCzɑ␫̂gX|]RNAւPIWI^pNKCh邱ƂɂC]ʃxѓ]ʌヌxɂĂ̔}DpiRNAoHɂq̌̓gX|]̊zq̌`sSЂNƂCpiRNAoH͐BזẼQm̊Sێ邤ł߂ďdvȖSƍlĂD܂ł͓̐IȌɂC̈q֗^镡GpiRNAoH̑S̑ɖ炩ɂĂD̃QmɕێgX|]̏ƂɁCpiRNA͂ǂ̂悤ɐ@\̂C̕q@\ɂčŋ߂̒m܂ĉD

<h2>͂߂</h2>
@qg̃Qm̖45́CgX|]Ƃ΂]ڈq₻̎c[Ȃ邭Ԃzɂ肵߂邱Ƃ炩ɂĂDgX|]́C̔z؂oʂ̕ʂɓ]ڂDNA^gX|]ƁC̔z񂩂̓]ʎYDNAւƋt]ʂCVȕʂւƑ}邱Ƃɂ葝郌ggX|]ƂɕނDgX|]̊́C`q̑l̊lQmɃ_Ci~bNȕω炷Ƃɂ萶̐iɊ^ĂƍlĂD̈ŁCgX|]̓]ڂ͈`q̔h`q̕ψقЂN肷邽߁CmȈ`̈ێ̂߁C͓̊K؂ɐ䂳Ȃ΂ȂȂDʏCgX|]̗̈DNA`}̃qXgCɂ]ʂ}Ă邪C̐BזEɂ́CRNATCVO@\ɂgX|]}邵݂ƂpiRNAoH݂D̒SƂȂ̂CpiRNAiPIWI-interacting RNAjт̃p[gi[łPIWI^pNiPIWIjłDpiRNAPIWÎ͕`CƂĕWIƂȂgX|]̔]ʃxѓ]ʌヌxŗ}DɂgX|]̋Ђ琶BזẼQmی삵Cւ̐mȈ`̌pۏႷD܂CpiRNAoHɂ}ׂgX|]Ȃǂ̔񎩌ȂɗRz̈ꕔ́CBזEĎւƂ邱Ƃ炩ɂĂD
@̃r[ɂẮC܂ł̌ɂ薾炩ɂĂVEWEoGу}EXɂpiRNA̐@\эp@Cŋ߂̒m܂ĉD܂CVEWEoG}EXƂ͈قȂ@Ŕ񎩌ȂɗRzʂ}@\lĂpiRNAoHɂĂyD
@ȂCRNATCVO̍\ՂɂẮC<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/1-e001/" target="_blank">X _E KG, ̈Zr[, <strong>1</strong>, e001 (2012)</a> QƂꂽD

<h2>1DpiRNAPIWI^pN</h2>
@piRNA͓̐BזEɍ24`31̏qRNAłCArgonauteiAGOjt@~[ɑPIWI^pNƕ̂`ċ@\i<a href="#F1">}1</a>jDpiRNA̔z͑lŁC̔zɎԂł̕ۑ݂͂ȂC1ڂEŴ̂i1UoCAXjC3'[̃{[X2'-<em>O</em>-`CĂƂDpiRNA1UoCAX́CAGOƓlɁCpiRNA1ڂFPIWIMIDhCƂ̌̈萫ɂ<a href="#R1"><sup>1,2)</sup></a>i<a href="#R1"><sup>1)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/14765" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځC<a href="#R2"><sup>2)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/3672" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjDlɁCpiRNA3'[FPIWIPAZhĆCAGOPAZhCɔׁC2'-<em>O</em>-`CƂɌ₷\Ă<a href="#R3"><sup>3,4)</sup></a>CpiRNA3'[͂2'-<em>O</em>-`CɂkNA[[ɂ镪ی삳ƍlĂD

<a name="F1"></a><div id="fig1-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}1@ɂmiRNApiRNAƂ̔r</strong>
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.1.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=1&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.1.png&amp;caption=fig1-caption-text]

@piRNA̓gX|]ɑ΂IȔz̂CpiRNA-PIWÎ̎vȖ̓gX|]̗̔}ɂDPIWIψّ̂piRNA𐶐łȂψّ̂ɂẮCgX|]̒E}ƂƂɔzq̌`ȂsDɂȂD̂ƂCpiRNAoH̓gX|]̊}邱Ƃɂ萶BזẼQm܂ƍlĂD
@PIWIAGOƓlɃXCT[CpiRNAƌPIWÍCpiRNAƑIȔzgX|]RNAFƁCpiRNA10ڂ11ڂƂ̂ŕWIRNAؒfDɂCgX|]RNA̓]ʌ̗}ɋ@\DpiRNA̒siRNAƔrƂⒷCPIWIɂWIRNA̐ؒfɂ2`21ڂ܂ł̑␫ŏ\ł邱ƂĂ<a href="#R5"><sup>5)</sup></a>D܂Ĉɏqׂ悤ɁCPIWIɂWIRNA̐ؒf́CWIRNA̔}邾łȂVpiRNA̐ƂĂDCVEWEoGPiwi}EXMIWI2ȂǊjɋǍ݂ꕔPIWÍCXCT[ɔˑIɕWIƂȂgX|]̓]ʂ̗}ɋ@\<a href="#R6"><sup>6-8)</sup></a>D

<h2>2DpiRNA̐ɂq</h2>
@piRNA͂piRNANX^[̓]ʎYgX|]ɗRRNA琶DpiRNANX^[Ƃ͋@\gX|]̎c[~ςQm̈̂ƂŁĈł͐SkbpɂԂ̂<a href="#R9"><sup>9)</sup></a>D܂CpiRNÄꕔmRNÂ3'|̈悩ĂCgenic piRNAƂ΂Ă<a href="#R10"><sup>10)</sup></a>D
@miRNAsiRNAƂ͈قȂCpiRNA͒ԑ̂Ƃ2{̏ԂC1{̓]ʎYזEɂăvZVO邱Ƃɂ萶D̉ߒɂ́CTudorhC^pNCRNAwJ[[CkNA[[Kvł<a href="#R11"><sup>11)</sup></a>i<a href="#F2">}2</a>jDPIWÎN[̈̃AMjćCCapsuleen/PRMT5ɂΏ̓IW`AMjC邱ƂmĂ<a href="#R12"><sup>12)</sup></a>DTudorhC^pŃCTudorhCɂPIWȊΏ̓IW`AMjCFČDTudorhC^pNPIWIƂ̑ݍṕCpiRNA̐PIWI̋Ǎ݂ɏdvł邱ƂĂD

<a name="F2"></a><div id="fig2-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}2@VEWEoGу}EXɂpiRNAoHɂvȈq</strong>
TudorhC^pN͊ۂ{bNXłŎD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.2.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=2&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.2.png&amp;caption=fig2-caption-text]

@piRNA̐oH́CpiRNAKvƂȂvC}[oHƁCPIWĨXCT[Ɉˑs|oHƂɑʂDs|oHɂẮCPIWIɂWIRNA̐ؒfƋĐVpiRNADȉCVEWEoGC}EXCꂼpiRNAoHɂĉD

<h2>3DVEWEoGɂpiRNAoH</h2>
@VEWEoGɂPiwiCAubergineiAubjCArgonaute3iAgo3j3PIWI^pN݂Ĉ̌łgX|]̒E}zq̌`ُ̈킪݂CYƂsDɂȂDpiRNǍ̓VEWEoG̗ɂĂƂiłCȍ~́CVEWEoG̗ɂ͂疾炩ɂꂽƂɂďqׂD
@VEWEoG̗\闑́CBזEłMזEїזȆ̍זEłhEזEɂ܂ꂽ\Ƃi<a href="#F3">}3a</a>jD3PIWÎCPiwi͐BזEhEזE̗ɔ邪CAubAgo3͐BזÊ݂ɔ<a href="#R9"><sup>9)</sup></a>D܂CPiwi͊jɋǍ݂]ʂ̗}ɋ@\̂ɑ΂CAubAgo3͍זE̊j̎͂\gkA[WhitXŁg_ḧӁjɋǍ݂CWIRNAؒf邱Ƃɂ]ʌ̗}ɋ@\<a href="#R9"><sup>9)</sup></a>Dɏqׂ悤ɁCpiRNA̐oH̓vC}[oHƃs|oHƂɑʂ邪ChEזEɂĂ̓vC}[oĤ݂CBזEɂĂ̓vC}[oHуs|oH@\D

<a name="F3"></a><div id="fig3-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}3@VEWEoG̗ɂpiRNA̐@\</strong>
iajVEWEoG̗̒fʐ}D
ibjjXghNX^[̓]ʁDRNA pol IIFRNA|[[IICH3K4me2FqXgH3Lys4̃W`CCH3K9me3FqXgH3Lys9̃g`CD
icjfAXghNX^[̓]ʁDRNA pol IIFRNA|[[IICH3K9me3FqXgH3Lys9̃g`CD
idjvC}[oHɂpiRNA̐̃fDMeF2'-<em>O</em>-`CCcPF2',3'-󃊃_D
iejPiwiɂjɂ]ʂ̗}@\̃fDMeF2'-<em>O</em>-`CCRNA pol IIFRNA|[[IICH3K9me3FqXgH3Lys9̃g`CD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.3.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=3&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.3.png&amp;caption=fig3-caption-text]

@<strong>piRNANX^[piRNANX^[̓]</strong>FVEWEoGpiRNANX^[̓ZgAeA̋ߖTɑC]ʂ̗lCQm̕Е̍]ʎY𐶐<em>flamenco</em>Ȃǂ̃jXghNX^[i<a href="#F3">}3b</a>jƁCQm̗̍]ʎY𐶐<em>42AB</em>Ȃǂ̃fAXghNX^[i<a href="#F3">}3c</a>jƂɕނDhEזEɂĔpiRNA̓jXghNX^[ɗR̂C̓]ʎY̓gX|]ɑ΂A`ZX̃gX|]̒fЂ𑽂܂ނƂmĂDCBזEɂĔpiRNA̓fAXghNX^[ɗR̂DpiRNANX^[ɂCweN}`̃VOiłqXgH3Lys9̃g`C݂CpiRNANX^[piRNA̐ɂ̓qXgH3Lys9̃`yfKvł<a href="#R13"><sup>13)</sup></a>DqXgH3Lys9̃g`C͗}̃qXgCƂĒm邪CfAXghNX^[ɂĂ͂̓]ʂɕsłDfAXghNX^[͖mȃv[^[̈C̓]ʂ̓qXgH3Lys9̃g`CƌweN}`^pNHP1̃zOłRhinoɈˑ<a href="#R14"><sup>14)</sup></a>DRhinóCBזEɓٓIɔ{]ʈq̃Tujbg̃zOłMoonshinerN[g邱Ƃɂ]ʊJn̂̌`ЂNCpiRNANX^[̓̓]ʂ<a href="#R15"><sup>15,16)</sup></a>i<a href="#F3">}3c</a>jDfAXghNX^[́CLbv\XvCVOȂȓ]ʎYRNA|[[IIɂ萶<a href="#R16"><sup>16,17)</sup></a>DRhino͂DeadlockCutoffiCuffjRDĈ`<a href="#R16"><sup>16)</sup></a>DCuff́CpiRNANX^[̓]ʎY5'[ƌ邱Ƃɂ]ʎY艻ƂƂɁCRNÃvZVO]ʂ̏I}CfAXghNX^[̓]ʂ𑣐iƍlĂ<a href="#R17"><sup>17,18)</sup></a>DfAXghNX^[̓]ʎYɂ́CjɂUAP56܂TREX̂CuffɈˑIɌCזẼkA[WւƗA<a href="#R19"><sup>19,20)</sup></a>DCjXghNX^[̓]ʂ̓qXgH3Lys4̃W`C̃v[^[̈悩RhinoɔˑIɊJn<a href="#R16"><sup>16)</sup></a>D̓]ʎYmRNAƓlɃLbv\у|ACIIXvCVO邱ƂCfAXghNX^[Ƃ͓]ʂ̋@\mɋʂ<a href="#R16"><sup>16)</sup></a>i<a href="#F3">}3b</a>jD
@<strong>vC}[oHɂpiRNA̐</strong>FvC}[oHhEזEѐBזE̗ɂċ@\ĂCPiwiƌpiRNAшꕔAubƌpiRNA𐶐DȉChEזEɂăvC}[oHɂPiwiƌpiRNAߒɂďqׂDpiRNANX^[̓]ʎYvC}[oHɓɂ́C]ʎŶVXz̊֗^ĂDƂ΁ChEזEɂvpiRNANX^[ł<em>flamenco</em>̓]ʎYɂ́C5'[ɉpiRNA̐ЂNƂ̂łpiRNAgK[zipiRNA-trigger sequenceFPTSj肳Ă<a href="#R21"><sup>21)</sup></a>D܂ChEזEɂgenic piRNA𐶐vmRNAł<em>traffic jam</em>3'|̈ɂCpiRNA̐ЂN100̃VXz񂪓肳ĂC̃VXzTudorhC^pNłYb邱ƂɂpiRNA̐ЂN<a href="#R22"><sup>22)</sup></a>DɁChEזEɂĔCӂ̓]ʎYYbArmi邱ƂɂĂC̗̈悩piRNA̐ЂN<a href="#R23"><sup>23,24)</sup></a>D̂ƂChEזEɂẮCYbpiRNANX^[̓]ʎYvC}[piRNAoHɂ݂тƍlĂi<a href="#F3">}3d</a>jDpiRNANX^[̒]ʎÝCזEɂĂȂ炩̃kNA[[ɂvZVOC5'[Ƀ_Ȃ3'[2',3'-󃊃_ƂȂpiRNAԑ̂ɂȂƗ\zĂ<a href="#R8"><sup>8)</sup></a>DArmiATPˑRNAwJ[[ŁCYbɈˑIpiRNAԑ̂ƌ<a href="#R8"><sup>8)</sup></a>DArmiƌpiRNAԑ̂́C~gRhAOɑ݂GhkNA[[ZucchiniiZucjւƃN[gؒf<a href="#R25"><sup>25,26)</sup></a>i<a href="#R25"><sup>25)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/5850" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjDoCICtH}eBNX͂ɂCZucɂpiRNAԑ̂̐ؒf̓EŴ܂ŋN₷ƍlĂ邪CZuc̃GhkNA[[̓EWւ̚nDȂƂCȂ炩̕q݂̑z肳Ă<a href="#R25"><sup>25-28)</sup></a>DZucɂؒfɂ萶1UoCAX̂3'RNAfЂpiRNAÔƂPiwiɎ荞܂DPIWIւpiRNAÔ̎荞݂ɂ́CHsp90уRVyłShutdown̊֗^Ă<a href="#R29"><sup>29,30)</sup></a>DPiwiɎ荞܂ꂽpiRNAÔ3'ӂZucɂؒf<a href="#R27"><sup>27,28)</sup></a>CHen1ɂ2'-<em>O</em>-`CĐnpiRNAɂȂ<a href="#R31"><sup>31,32)</sup></a>DZucɂpiRNA3'[̌`́CɉɐVpiRNAÔ𐶂C3'ւƘAIPiwiƌphased piRNA𐶐<a href="#R27"><sup>27,28)</sup></a>D̂悤ɂāCЂƂ̓]ʎY瑽lȔzpiRNADvC}[oHɂpiRNA̐ɂ́CقɂTudorhC^pNłVreteno <a href="#R33"><sup>33)</sup></a>C~gRhAO^pNłGasZMinotaurKvł邱ƂĂ<a href="#R34"><sup>34-36)</sup></a>CGasZArmi̋Ǎ݂̐ɂ邱ƂĂ<a href="#R35"><sup>35,36)</sup></a>DhEזEɂāCYb͊j̋ߖTYb-bodyƂ΂\̂ɋǍ݂<a href="#R8"><sup>8)</sup></a>i<a href="#F3">}3d</a>jDYb-bodyɂYbArmi͂߁CvC}[oHɕKvVretenoShutdownȂǂǍ݂C~gRhA̋ߖTɊώ@邱ƂCYb-bodyhEזEɂpiRNA̐̏łƍlĂDCBזEYb͔Ă炸CYb̃zOłBrother of YbSister of Yb̋@\ւ邱ƂĂ邪<a href="#R33"><sup>33)</sup></a>CYb-bodyɑ\̂͂ȂCkA[WpiRNA̐̏łƍlĂD
@<strong>PiwiƌpiRNÅjɂ@\</strong>FPiwipiRNAƌƊjڍsVOiɈˑĊjւƈڍsCpiRNA̔zɑIȃgX|]RNAƌDɁCPiwiAsterix/Gtsf1Panoramix/Silencioƕ̂`CqXgH3Lys9̃`yfłEgglessN[g邱ƂɂgX|]̗̈ɂăqXgH3Lys9̃g`ЂN<a href="#R37"><sup>37-41)</sup></a>i<a href="#F3">}3e</a>jDPiwíCqXgH3Lys9̃g`CƕsāCJ[qXgH1N}`\̕ωЂNƂɂĂWIƂȂ̈̃weN}`𑣐iCgX|]̔]ʃxŗ}<a href="#R42"><sup>42)</sup></a>i<a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/12801" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjDPiwiɂgX|]̓]ʂ̗}ɂMaelstromKvł邪CMaelstrom̓qXgH3Lys9̃g`ɂ͊֗^C̍p_͖炩ɂĂȂ<a href="#R7"><sup>7)</sup></a>Dŋ߁CPiwiCAsterixCPanoramixCMaelstromȂǁCPiwiƂƂɊjɂē]ʂ̗}ɋ@\piRNAq̏ɂCgX|]mRNÃXvCVÕp^[ω邱Ƃ炩ɂꂽ<a href="#R43"><sup>43)</sup></a>D킵q@\͕sł邪CPIWI₱piRNAqpiRNAăN}`̏Ԃω邱ƂɂCgX|]mRNÃXvCVO𕉂ɐ䂵ăgX|]̊}悤łD
@<strong>s|oHɂpiRNA̐ѓ]ʌ̗}</strong>Fs|oHɂpiRNA̐@\́CAubƌpiRNAAgo3ƌpiRNA5'10݂ɑIł̂Ƃ񏥂ꂽ<a href="#R9"><sup>9,44)</sup></a>Ds|oHɂẮC܂CꐫɗR邠邢̓vC}[oHɂĐꂽAubƌA`ZXpiRNÃgK[ƂȂCIȔzpiRNANX^[̓]ʎYgX|]RNAؒfDɂ萶ZX3'RNAfЂpiRNAÔƂAgo3Ɏ荞܂i<a href="#F4">}4</a>jD̂ƂCKrimperpiRNAƌĂȂAgo3kA[WւƃN[gCAgo3ƌZXpiRNA̐ɋ@\<a href="#R45"><sup>45,46)</sup></a>i<a href="#R45"><sup>45)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/10567" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjDCQin/KumóCAubɂؒfɂ萶RNAfЂAubPiwiɎ荞܂̂}邱ƂɂCAubAgo3Ƃ̂̃s|𑣐i<a href="#R47"><sup>47)</sup></a>D܂CAubɂؒfɂ萶RNAfЂAubAgo3ւƂ킽ߒɂ́CVasaATPaseKvł邱ƂĂ<a href="#R48"><sup>48,49)</sup></a>Ds|oHɂpiRNA̐ɕKvȈqCAubAgo3ƓlɃkA[WɋǍ݂邱ƂmĂDVEWEoGɂpiRNA3'[̌`@\ɂ́CZucɂؒfCсCPIWIɂؒfƂɂÂ3'-5'GL\kNA[[Nibblerɂg~OCƂ2̗lmĂ<a href="#R50"><sup>50)</sup></a>DAgo3Ɏ荞܂ꂽpiRNAỐC̗̈ɂPIWIɂؒfNibblerɂg~Oꍇ<a href="#R50"><sup>50)</sup></a>i<a href="#F4">}4</a>jDCAubɎ荞܂ꂽpiRNAỐC̏ꍇCZucɂؒfɂ蒼ړI3'[`<a href="#R50"><sup>50)</sup></a>D̏ꍇCpiRNA3'[͂Hen1ɂ2'-<em>O</em>-`CĐnpiRNAɂȂDZucɂpiRNAÔ̐ؒf́CvC}[oHƓlC3'[̌`ƓɐVpiRNAÔ5'[𐶂<a href="#R21"><sup>21,27,28)</sup></a>i<a href="#F4">}4</a>jDphased piRNA͂PiwiɎ荞܂CjɈڍsē]ʂ̗}ɋ@\Dphased piRNA̐ɂCz񂪑lgX|]ɂΉpiRNAD̂悤ɁCs|oHɂẮCWIƂȂgX|]RNA̐ؒfɂ锭̗}ƋāCgX|]̗}ɂ͂炭A`ZXpiRNAD܂Cs|oHɂ萶ꂽAubpiRNAAgo3piRNA݂͌5'10IłCt̃XghoCAXDs|oH񏥂ꂽCAgo3piRNA10AoCAX́C1UoCAX̂AubpiRNAWIRNAؒfƂɂ萶̂ƍlĂDĈ̉͂ɂCpiRNA1ڂPIWIMIDhC5'|PbgɂFĂCWIRNAƂ̉̑΍ɂ͊^Ȃ<a href="#R1"><sup>1)</sup></a>C܂CAub͕WIRNAFؒfہCpiRNAƑ΍WIRNA1ڂAł́it1AjDތX̂邱Ƃꂽ<a href="#R51"><sup>51)</sup></a>D̂ƂC݂ł́CAgo3piRNA10AoCAXAubpiRNA1UoCAXɋN̂ł͂ȂCAubt1AnDɂ̂ƍlĂDCAgo3Aub̂悤ȕWIRNA1ڂ̚nDȂƂĂD

<a name="F4"></a><div id="fig4-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}4@VEWEoG̗ɂs|oHɂpiRNA̐̃f</strong>
MeF2'-<em>O</em>-`CD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.4.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=4&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.4.png&amp;caption=fig4-caption-text]

@piRNAAub́C̗זEɂTudorCapsuleenȂǂƂƂɁC̐BזE`闑זĚɂ̋ɋǍ݂Dɏqׂ悤ɁCAubpiRNA͗}ׂgX|]̔z̋LƂĕe炤C̐BזEɂpiRNA̐̃gK[ƂĂ͂炭<a href="#R52"><sup>52)</sup></a>DeɂȂgX|]𕃐eێĂꍇCzɂ萶̂͂̃gX|]ɑ΂piRNA𐶐łsD̕\^悷Ďۂhybrid dysgenesisƂ΂ĂD

<h2>4D}EXɂpiRNAoH</h2>
@}EXɂPIWIpiRNA͐ɍĂCȐq̌`ɕsłDCɂPIWI̔͒ႭČɂ閾炩ȉe͕񍐂ĂȂD}EXɂĂMILICMIWI2CMIWIƂ3PIWI^pN̔BɂƂȂٓIɔi<a href="#F5">}5a</a>jDMILIَ͑e~`qɂ킽蔭邪<a href="#R53"><sup>53)</sup></a>CMIWI2͏ȏÔꂽɂ̂ݔ<a href="#R54"><sup>54)</sup></a>D̎́COזE̕􂪈ꎞIɒ~VKDNA`N鎞ɂDCMIWI͐̐q`鎞ł錸pLeLqɂĔ<a href="#R55"><sup>55)</sup></a>DMILI邢MIWI2̃mbNAEg}EX͌pLê܂ɐq̌`~sDɂȂ<a href="#R53"><sup>53,56)</sup></a>Dlȕ\^́CpiRNA̐ɂMVHCMitoPLDCTDRKHCTDRD9CTDRD12CGASZCMOV10L1Ȃǂ̃mbNAEg}EXɂĂώ@Ă<a href="#R57"><sup>57-64)</sup></a>DCMIWǏł́C͐ɐiŝ́C~`q̃A|g[VXɂ萸q̌`ȂsDɂȂ<a href="#R55"><sup>55)</sup></a>DlɁCTDRD1CTDRD5CTDRD7CRNF17ȂǂpiRNAq̃mbNAEg}EXɂĂ̂̂q̌`͕sSɂȂ邱ƂmĂ<a href="#R65"><sup>65-68)</sup></a>D

<a name="F5"></a><div id="fig5-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}5@}EX̐ɂpiRNA̐@\</strong>
iaj}EX̐ɂPIWIpiRNA̔DmbNAEg}EXɂĐq̌`~鎞ԐF́~ŎD
ibjvC}[oHɂvpLepiRNAуpLepiRNA̐̃fDRNA pol IIFRNA|[[IICMeF2'-<em>O</em>-`CD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.5.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=5&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.5.png&amp;caption=fig5-caption-text]

@}EXpiRNÁC̔̎ɂvpLepiRNAƃpLepiRNAɂƑʂi<a href="#F5">}5a</a>jDvpLepiRNAMILIMIWI2ƌĂCpLepiRNAMILIMIWIƌD܂CMILICMIWI2CMIWIꂼɌpiRNA̒̃s[ŃC26C28C30Ƒ̈Ⴂ̂邱ƂmĂi<a href="#F2">}2</a>jD
@<strong>vpLepiRNA̐т̖</strong>FvpLepiRNA͂ɁCَevpLepiRNAƁCoォpLe܂ɔovpLepiRNAƂɋʂ邪CpLepiRNAɔׁCgX|]ɗR̂Ƃ<a href="#R69"><sup>69)</sup></a>D܂C]ʎY琶genic piRNÅَ͑eôقƂ񍐂ĂDȍ~́C͂̐iłَevpLepiRNA̐@\ɂďqׂDَepiRNÁCpiRNANX^[ɗR]ʎYC邢́CgX|]RNAvC}[oHуs|oHĐD}EXpiRNANX^[́CQm̕Е̍piRNA𐶐郆jXghNX^[CRNA|[[IIɂLbv\у|A̕tꂽmRNAl̒]ʎYi<a href="#F5">}5b</a>jDpiRNANX^[̓]ʎÝCVEWEoGƓl̃vC}[oHɂpiRNAւƃvZVODזEւƗAꂽ]ʎÝC܂CZuc̃zOłMitoPLD <a href="#R59"><sup>59,60)</sup></a>i<a href="#R60"><sup>60)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/2596" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjɂiɁjEŴ܂ŐؒfƍlĂD̉ߒɂ́CATPˑRNAwJ[[łMOV10L1iArmĩzOj݂̉Ă<a href="#R70"><sup>70)</sup></a>Dɂ萶5'[EWRNAfЂMILIɎ荞܂ꂽ̂C30`40قǉ̗̈́iɁjEŴ܂MitoPLDɂؒfCpiRNAÔ3'[`<a href="#R27"><sup>27,28)</sup></a>DVEWEoGZucƓlɁCMitoPLDɂؒf́CpiRNAÔ3'[̌`ƓɉɐVpiRNAÔ5'[𐶂邱Ƃɂphased piRNA̐ЂN<a href="#R27"><sup>27,28)</sup></a>i<a href="#F5">}5b</a>jDMILIɎ荞܂ꂽpiRNAỐĈ̂CTDRKHɂ~gRhAւƃN[g<a href="#R57"><sup>57)</sup></a>CJCRTrimmer̃zOł3'-5'GL\kNA[[PNLDC1 <a href="#R71"><sup>71)</sup></a>i<a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/12190" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjɂ3'[g~O<a href="#R72"><sup>72-74)</sup></a>C`yfHen1ɂ2'-<em>O</em>-`C<a href="#R75"><sup>75)</sup></a>CnpiRNAɂȂD̂悤ɃvC}[oHɂ萶ꂽMILIpiRNA1UoCAXD܂CMILIpiRNA̐ɂ̓~gRhAO^pNłGASZGPAT2Kvł邱Ƃ񍐂Ă<a href="#R63"><sup>63,76)</sup></a>DpiRNAƌMILÍC̔zƑIȃgX|]RNAؒf邱Ƃɂ肻̔}DMILIɂؒfɂ萶3'RNAfЂ́CɃs|oHɂMILI邢MIWI2Ɏ荞܂<a href="#R6"><sup>6)</sup></a>i<a href="#F6">}6</a>jDCMIWI2̃XCT[piRNA̐gX|]̗}ɂ͕Kvł͂Ȃ<a href="#R6"><sup>6)</sup></a>CMIWI2MILIւ̃s|͋NȂƍlĂDMILI邢MIWI2Ɏ荞܂ꂽ3'RNAfЂ́CvC}[oHƓlɁC30`40قǉ̗̈MitoPLDɂؒfpiRNAÔƂȂCPNLDC1ɂ3'[vZVOꐬnpiRNAɂȂD̂悤Ƀs|oHɂ萶ꂽZJ_[piRNA10AoCAXC5'10vC}[oHɂ萶ꂽpiRNAƑIɂȂDVEWEoGƓlɁC}EX̃s|oHɂĂCMitoPLD̊piRNAÔ3'[̌`ƓɁCɐVpiRNAÔ5'[𐶂邱Ƃphased piRNA𐶐CMIWI2邢MILIɎ荞܂<a href="#R27"><sup>27,28,77)</sup></a>D̂悤ɁCpiRNAƌMILI͍זEɂăgX|]RNA̐ؒfĂ̔}ƂƂɁCs|oHɂpiRNA̐phased piRNA̐ЂNƂɂgX|]ɑ΂piRNA𑝕DCpiRNAƌMIWI2͊jւƈڍsCLINE1IAPȂǂ̃ggX|]̔̈CpG`ЂNƂɂ]ʂ}<a href="#R54"><sup>54,78)</sup></a>i<a href="#F6">}6</a>jD킵q@\͖炩ɂĂȂCMIWI2piRNAē]ʂꂽgX|]RNAƌCDNA`yfDNMTȂǂN[g郂flĂDMILǏɂCMIWI2ւpiRNǍъjւ̋Ǎ݂ɌCgX|]̔̈CpG`ቺ<a href="#R54"><sup>54,78)</sup></a>D̂ƂCMIWI2ւpiRNA̎荞݂̑啔́CMILIɂWIRNA̐ؒfɈˑs|oHƍlĂDŁCŋ߂̌CMIWI2MILIgX|]̔̈CpG`ЂNoH݂̑Ă<a href="#R79"><sup>79)</sup></a>DَepiRNAOזEɂāCMILITDRD1MVHƂƂɃ~gRhÅԌɂ݂pi-body邢IMCiintermitochondrial cementjƂ΂\̂ɋǍ݂<a href="#R80"><sup>80)</sup></a>i<a href="#F7">}7</a>jD܂C~gRhAOɂMitoPLDCTDRKHCPNLDC1CGASZCGPAT2ȂǁC܂܂piRNAqǍ݂邱ƂmĂDŁCMIWI2TDRD9CMAELCMVHCGTSF1ƂpiRNAqP-body̍\qƂƂpiP-bodyƂ`<a href="#R80"><sup>80)</sup></a>i<a href="#F7">}7</a>jDpi-bodypiP-body͊j̋ߖTŌ݂ɋߐڂǍ݂ƂC̍\̂ɂăs|oHɂpiRNA̐NƍlĂDہCpi-bodypiP-body̗ɋǍ݂MVHATPaséCMILIɂؒfꂽRNAfЂMIWI2ւƂ킽̂ɕKvłCMVH̕ψّ̂ɂMIWI2piRNA͐Ȃ<a href="#R81"><sup>81,82)</sup></a>D܂CpiP-bodyɋǍ݂GTSF1́CMILIɂWIRNA̐ؒfɊ֗^邱ƂĂCGSTF1̕ψّ̂ɂĂ̓s|oHMILIMIWI2ւpiRNA̎荞݂݂ȂȂ邱Ƃ񍐂Ă<a href="#R83"><sup>83)</sup></a>DlɁCpi-body̍\qłTDRD1Ƒݍp邱Ƃ̒mĂHsp90̃RVyFKBP6iShutdowñzOjCMIWI2piRNA̐ɕKvł邱ƂĂ<a href="#R84"><sup>84)</sup></a>D

<a name="F6"></a><div id="fig6-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}6@}EX̐ɂs|oHɂvpLepiRNA̐CсCMIWI2ɂЂNDNA`</strong>
MeF2'-<em>O</em>-`CCRNA pol IIFRNA|[[IID
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.6.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=6&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.6.png&amp;caption=fig6-caption-text]

<a name="F7"></a><div id="fig7-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}7@}EX̑OזEɂpiRNAq̋Ǎ</strong>
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.7.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=7&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.7.png&amp;caption=fig7-caption-text]

@<strong>pLepiRNA̐т̖</strong>FpLepiRNÁCvpLepiRNAɔׁCgX|]ɗR̂ȂC`qԗ̈Ȃǔ̔zɗR̂<a href="#R69"><sup>69)</sup></a>D܂CזȄqRNȂ啔߂قǑʂɔDpLepiRNA𐶐piRNANX^[̓]ʂ̑́C]ʈqA-MYBɂ萳ɐ䂳邱Ƃ炩ɂĂ<a href="#R85"><sup>85)</sup></a>i<a href="#F5">}5b</a>jDA-MYB͂܂CMIWIقpiRNAqR[h`q̓]ʂi邱ƂC̎ɂāCpiRNANX^[̓]ʂpiRNAq̔͋Iɐ䂳D܂Cꕔ̃pLepiRNA𐶐piRNANX^[ɂ͊j^pNBTBD18CRNA|[[IIɂ]ʂ̐L𑣐i邱ƂɂpLepiRNA̐Ɋ^<a href="#R86"><sup>86)</sup></a>DpLeɂĂ̓vC}[oHɂĂ̂piRNAƍlĂCŋ߂̌CMILIMIWIɂؒfpiRNA̐̃gK[ɂȂ邱ƂĂi<a href="#F5">}5b</a>jDMILI邢MIWIɂؒfꂽpiRNANX^[ɗR]ʎYMILI邢MIWIɎ荞܂CɁC3'MitoPLDɂؒfpiRNAÔɂȂDɁCpiRNAÔ̓vpLepiRNAƓlȗlɂ3'[vZVOꐬnpiRNAɂȂD̏ꍇCMitoPLDɂؒfɂ萶3'RNAfЂ́CMILI邢MIWIɎ荞܂ꂽphased piRNA3'֘AIɐ<a href="#R73"><sup>73)</sup></a>D̂悤ɂĐꂽMILI邢MIWIƌpLepiRNA1UoCAXDpiRNAq̂ЂƂłRNF17iQin/KumõzOj́C̎Ƀs|oHɂpiRNȂ}CpLepiRNANX^[̓]ʎYK؂piRNÂɕKvƍlĂ<a href="#R87"><sup>87)</sup></a>DpLepiRNAɐ~`זEɂẮCpiP-body͏CMILIMIWIMVHCTDRD6CTDRD7ȂǂTudorhC^pNƂƂɊj̋ߖTchromatoid bodyɋǍ݂Dchromatoid bodyɂ́CpiRNAqłȂCRNA^pNCmiRNA֘AqCiZXmRNAqC|֘AqȂǂ܂܂ȃ^pNǍ݂邱ƂCmRNA̓]ʌ̐ɂ\̂łƍlĂDpLepiRNA̋@\̂ЂƂ́C]ʌ̐ɂ郌ggX|]LINE1̗̔}ɂ邪<a href="#R5"><sup>5)</sup></a>C`qԗ̈ȂǂɗRʂ̃pLepiRNÁCIȔzmȕWIRNA݂ȂƂC̖͓ɂ܂ĂDŋ߂̌ɂāCpLepiRNÄꕔMIWĨXCT[ɂ萸q̌`ɂmRNA̔𐧌䂷\<a href="#R88"><sup>88)</sup></a>CLזEɂĒEAfjyfCAF1ƂƂɓݐmRNA̔rɂ͂炭\Ă<a href="#R89"><sup>89)</sup></a>DpiRNA̎vȋ@\̓gX|]̗}ɂ邪Ĉ悤piRNAgX|]ȊO̕WI̔𐧌䂷邱Ƃ͂ق̐ɂĂmĂDƂ΁CJCRɂẮC̐F̂łWF̂甭<em>fem</em> piRNACYЂN<em>Masc</em> mRNAؒf邱Ƃɂ肻̔}CЂNƂ炩ɂĂ<a href="#R90"><sup>90)</sup></a>i<a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/8827" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjD
@܂ł݂Ă悤ɁCVEWEoGу}EXɂāCvC}[oHɂpiRNA̐CсCs|oHɂpiRNȂCɁCɕtphased piRNA̐ȂǁCpiRNA̐@\̑g͕ۑĂC̓[utBbVJCRȂǂłގ邱Ƃ炩ɂĂD

<h2>5DɂpiRNAoH</h2>
@piRNA̓VEWEoG}EX蒷ZC211ڂEWł͂܂̂Ƃ21U-RNAƂ΂ĂDɂPRG-1PRG-22PIWI^pN݂邪CpiRNAoHɂĂ͂PRG-1@\DVEWEoG}EXpiRNAƂ͈قȂC21U-RNA͂ꂼꂪʂɃQmi`qԗ̈悠邢̓Cg̈jɃR[hĂC28`29̒Z21U-RNAÔRNA|[[IIɂ]ʂ<a href="#R91"><sup>91-93)</sup></a>i<a href="#F8">}8a</a>jD21U-RNÄ`q͓̑]ʃjbg40قǏ㗬FKH`[tC]ʈqłFKHt@~[^pNɈˑIɓ]ʂ<a href="#R91"><sup>91,94)</sup></a>D21U-RNAÔ̐ɕKvȈqƂTOFU-3CTOFU-4CTOFU-5CPRDE-1肳Ă<a href="#R92"><sup>92,93)</sup></a>D̂CPRDE-1FKHt@~[^pNɈˑI21U-RNAÔ̐ɂ̂݊֗^<a href="#R92"><sup>92)</sup></a>D21U-RNAÔ21U-RNA̐m2㗬]ʂ邱ƂC28`2921U-RNAỐCLbv\폜ꂽ̂C5'[2CPRG-1Ɏ荞܂ƍlĂD̉ߒɕKvȈqƂPID-1CTOFU-1CTOFU-2肳Ă<a href="#R93"><sup>93,95)</sup></a>DPRG-1Ɏ荞܂ꂽ21U-RNAỐCPARÑzOłPARN-1ɂ3'[g~O<a href="#R96"><sup>96)</sup></a>C`yfHENN-1ɂ2'-<em>O</em>-`C<a href="#R97"><sup>97-99)</sup></a>Cn21U-RNAɂȂDɏqׂ悤ɁC͓ƎpiRNAoHĂC𔽉f悤ɁCɂ͕ۑĂȂpiRNAqCɂpiRNA̐ɂqɓL̂̂łD

<a name="F8"></a><div id="fig8-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}8@ɂpiRNAoH</strong>
iaj21U-RNA̐̃fDRNA pol IIFRNA|[[IICMeF2'-<em>O</em>-`CD
ibj21U-RNA:PRG-1̂ɂ񎩌ȂɗRz̗̔}@\DH3K9me3FqXgH3Lys9̃g`CD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.8.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=8&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Tomari-7.e003-Fig.8.png&amp;caption=fig8-caption-text]

@21U-RNAƑIȔzgX|]Tc3mĂ炸C21U-RNA̕WI͂Ȃ炭słĈ̉͂ɂC21U-RNAmiRNÂ悤ɐ̃~X}b`eĕWIRNAF邱Ƃ炩ɂꂽ<a href="#R100"><sup>100-102)</sup></a>DWI̔FɂĂ2`7ڂ̃V[ḧ悪dvłC14`19ڂ3'Tvg̈̑␫21U-RNAɂ锭̗}Ɋ^<a href="#R101"><sup>101,102)</sup></a>D܂C9`13ڂ̃Zg̈̃~X}b`êƈvāC21U-RNA:PRG-1̂ɂWIRNA̗̔}ɂPRG-1̃XCT[͕KvłȂƂĂ<a href="#R100"><sup>100,103)</sup></a>D
@܂ł̌C21U-RNA:PRG-1̂́C}̃gK[ƂĂ̂݋@\Cݐ22G-siRNAoH邱ƂɂWIRNA̔}邱Ƃ炩ɂĂ<a href="#R100"><sup>100,103)</sup></a>D21U-RNA:PRG-1̂͐BזEɂĔXRNAXLCWIRNAFRNAˑRNA|[[N[g邱Ƃɂ2{RNA`CV22G-RNA̐ЂNi<a href="#F8">}8b</a>jD22G-RNA͐ɓٓIAGOłWAGOɎ荞܂D22G-RNA:WAGÔ͑IȔzRNAؒf邱Ƃɂ肻̔}DɁCWAGÔЂƂłHRDE-122G-RNAƌƊjւƈڍsCNRDE-1CNRDE-2CNRDE-4ɈˑăqXgH3Lys9̃g`CĕWIƂȂz̓]ʂ}<a href="#R104"><sup>104,105)</sup></a>D̗}̃VOiǂ̂悤ɓ`B̂C̏ڍׂ͖炩ɂĂȂCjɋǍ݂WAGOɂ]ʂ̗}̌ʂ͐ĂCǊjɂĔ̗}mƁC̈ێɂ21U-RNA͕KvȂƂĂ<a href="#R100"><sup>100,104-106)</sup></a>i<a href="#R106"><sup>106)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/5333" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjD
@21U-RNA:PRG-1̂͐̃~X}b`eĕWIRNAF邽߁CȎlȔzɂΉŁCݐmRNA̕WIɂȂ肤D܂łɁCݐmRNA21U-RNAɂ锭̗}2̕q@\񍐂Ăi<a href="#F8">}8b</a>jDЂƂ́CCSR-1̓ݐmRNAւ̌łD̐BזEɂẮCWAGOɂ킦CCSR-1ƂAGODCSR-1͓ݐmRNAWIƂ22G-RNAƌ邪C̔͗}ȂDCSR-1WIƂݐmRNAɂẮC21U-RNA:PRG-1̂̌щ22G-RNA̐}邱ƂĂC21U-RNA̓ݐmRNAւ̌CSR-1j~Ƃf񏥂Ă<a href="#R101"><sup>101,106,107)</sup></a>i<a href="#R107"><sup>107)</sup></a> <a href="http://first.lifesciencedb.jp/archives/8176" target="_blank">V_r[</a> łfځjD܂C̃Qmɂperiodic An/Tn clusteriPATCjƂ΂CAATIɂԂɓL̔R[hz񂪑݂DPATC̓Cg`qԗ̈ɑ݂CBזEɔݐ̈`q̓CgɂPATC̊XDɁCCgPATCmRNÁC21U-RNA̕WIƂȂz񂪑݂ĂĂC21U-RNAɂ锭̗}܂ʂ邱ƂĂ<a href="#R102"><sup>102)</sup></a>D̂ƂCCgɑ݂PATCȂ炩̂ŎȂ̃CZXƂĂ͂炫C21U-RNAɂ锭̗}ƍlĂD

<h2></h2>
@piRNA̔10Nȏオo߂DV[NGT[Zp̔WƂƂpiRNǍ͑傫iWCpiRNAoHɂq̓肨т̐@\p@̑g炩ɂDŁCpiRNAoHɂẌq̕q@\⑊݊֌WɂĂ̗͂܂rɂCȂ𖾂]܂D̃r[ɂĂ͂قƂǌyȂCpiRNA̋@\́CgX|]̗̔}ɂƂǂ܂炸CmRNA̔Ǎ݂̐CɁC̍זEɂ@\ւƑ傫Ȋg݂ĂD܂CזEɂPIWIpiRNÄُIȔCpiRNAoHƂƂ̊֌WڂĂDCpiRNA̐@\эp@̗ɐiނƂƂɁC̍זEɂpiRNA̋@\̉𖾁C܂C݂̐̂炩ɂ邱Ƃ҂D

<h2></h2>
<ol>
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</ol>
<div class="au-profile">
<h2>҃vtB[</h2>
<span class="author"> ޒÎqiNatsuko Izumij</span>
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<strong>  KGiYukihide Tomarij</strong>
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URLF<a href="http://www.iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp/tomari/" target="_blank">http://www.iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp/tomari/</a>
</div>
? 2018  ޒÎqE KG Licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.1/jp/" target="_blank">CC \ 2.1 {</a>
