A̒fŒFAƒfŒ׋ۂƂ̋̐i

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iwȊwZ^[ A`[j
emailF<a href="mailto:makoto.hayashi@riken.jp"> </a>
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̈Zr[, <strong>4</strong>, e010 (2015)@<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.7875/leading.author.4.e010">DOI: 10.7875/leading.author.4.e010</a>
Makoto Hayashi: <strong>Nitrogen fixation in plants: how plants established symbiosis with nitrogen fixing bacteria during evolution.</strong>

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<h2>v </h2>
@앨͔̍|ɂĂƂp엿͒f엿łD́g΂̊vhɂāCʂ̒f엿𓊓邱Ƃɂ앨̐Y͔IɌサCEl̋}IȑɑΉ邱ƂłD̔ʁCf엿̗p͉ʃKX̔ro𑣐i邱ƂɈeڂD_CYȂǂ̃}ȐA͓ył鍪ۂƋ邱ƂɂC̒fqŒ肵pDA̐ỉߒɂă}ȐAۂƂ̋\l@\𖾂邱ƂɂCIȏz_ƂɍvłƍlD

<h2>͂߂</h2>
@1960N30lłEĺC2000Nɂ60lɒBC2050Nɂ90lɂȂƐ肳ĂD20I㔼ɂl̂͐H̑啝ȑYłC\ɂ̂̓RMуClɂg΂̊vhłDȂ킿Ciǂɂ葐Zq̏dʂ̑ɂƂȂ|ƂɂCf엿̉ߏȎ{pɑΉƂłDn[o[@̔ɂ蒂f엿̐Yʂ͔Iɑ債CɂƂȂւׂ͑̕債DAjA̍єAfȂǂ2IȐYɂĉʃKXroCɁCߏȎ{ɂ앨ɋzȂf͉͐삨ыߊC̕xh{̌ƂȂC͐̎_fZx̒ቺɂ鐶̑K͂ȎłЂND܂C_knɂė]ȒfɉE邱ƂɂC_Yf̂悻300{̒ngW_񒂑fDIɂ݂_Ɗ̎ƊۑŜ߂ɂ́CʂSۂf엿̎{pጸ邱ƂƂ߂D̂߂ɂ́Ciǂɂ앨̒f̗p̌܂ɂɉђE̗}CɌ̔엿𗘗pf̎{Zp̉PȂǂ邪C{IIȉƂāC׋ۂɂ鐶wIȒfŒ̗plDwIȒfŒ͈ꕔ̌ĵ݂ɂ݂CjgQi[[̂͂炫ɂC̒fqAjAɕϊDȂ킿CIȒfŒ𗘗p邱Ƃɂ蒂f엿ւ̈ˑEp邱Ƃ\ɂȂCāCf엿̎{pɂ鉷ʃKX̔ro啝ɍ팸邱ƂɂȂD
@fŒ׋ۂƂ̖mȋ̒mĂ͂ĂCɂזÉCfŒN[hƂ΂iIɒP̕ތQiȂ킿CPnQjɑ݂̂ɂ݂<a href="#R1"><sup>1)</sup></a>DfŒN[h̓}ځCuiځCEځCoڂɕނCꂼ̕ތQɍ\F߂i<a href="#F1">}1</a>jDȂČnIȕz͕sψłC}ڂł̓}ȂɑɕՓIɍ݂̂ɑ΂CEځCuiځCoڂɂ͍݂̂͏ȂD܂C}ȐA̓OA׋ۂł鍪ۂƋ̂ɑ΂Cق̒fŒN[h̐ÁCۂƋoڂ<em>Parasponia</em>COz׋ۂłۂ<em>Frankia</em>׋ۂƋi<em>Frankia</em>׋ۂ̏hAN`mUAƂԁjD

<a name="F1"></a><div id="fig1-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}1@fŒN[hɂ鍪̕z</strong>
ꂼ̃N[hiځjɂāC̔F߂銄𑮃xю탌xŎD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.1.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=1&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.1.png&amp;caption=fig1-caption-text]

@̂悤ɁC͒fŒN[hɎU邱ƂȂǂC͒fŒN[hɂĕɂ킽ƗĐiƍl<a href="#R2"><sup>2)</sup></a>DʓIȌn͂ɂƂ̐i͓ƗĂ悻8NCi̋NƂȂ`̊livfBX|WVj͒fŒN[h̊ɂ1̂݋NƂ<a href="#R3"><sup>3)</sup></a>D܂CfŒN[hɂvfBX|WV̑OɂȂ̂łDƁCɂ钂fŒ׋ۂƂ̍זE͎ʐȋʂCl̋@\قȂ`qSꍇDtɁCvfBX|WVɂƂÂi͈`IȐɂ葊`q𗘗pĂ\DŁCvfBX|WV̋NɂȂ`q̐iɂĖ炩ɂ΁Ĉ̂ɋN̐iɂĂ̓@Ƒz肳DɁCɂ鑊ё`qxŉ͂̐i𗝉邱ƂɂCfŒN[hƂ͌nIɗꂽvłClCRMCgERVɍ\t^邱Ƃ\ɂȂƍlD̃r[ɂẮC}Ȃ̃fA~ROTi<em>Lotus japonicus</em>jу^E}SVi<em>Medicago truncatula</em>jɂĖ炩ɂꂽ̌`ɂ`qƂāCfŒN[hɂ鍪̌`̐iɂčl@D

<h2>1Dۍƍ</h2>
@RPAV_A܂ޗA7ȏ̎́CߔNɂȂmꂽOXɑ^ۂłA[oXL[ۍۂƋ<a href="#R4"><sup>4)</sup></a>Dȟn֌WA̗㉻ɂƂȂmꂽƍlĂCł4Nȏ܂̉΂ɂăA[oXL[ۍۂƍl\F߂<a href="#R5"><sup>5)</sup></a>DfŒ׋ۂƂ̋Ƃ͑ΏƓIɁCA[oXL[ۍۂ͍ɔBOێ̂͂炫ɂhɐ~lCƂɃD
@A[oXL[ۍۂƂ̋̋NÂƁCсC̏hِႢƂCĥ`q͗AɍLۑĂƍlD}Ȃ̃fǍɂĖ炩ɂꂽA[oXL[ۍۂƂ̋ɕKvȎvȈ`q́CClƃA[oXL[ۍۂƂ̋ɂKvł邱Ƃ`wIɗ؂Ă<a href="#R6"><sup>6-9)</sup></a>DtɁCA[oXL[ۍۂƂ̋\AuiȂ̐AȂǂł͂̈`qĂ邱ƂC̈`q͋ɓٓIȋ@\ێĂƍl<a href="#R10"><sup>10)</sup></a>D̈`q̓}ȐAɂĂ̓A[oXL[ۍۂƂ݂̋̂Ȃ炸ۂƂ̋ɂKvłCJn邽߂̍זEVOi`BoHł鋤ʋoH\鋤ʋ`qł<a href="#R4"><sup>4)</sup></a>iŁgʁhƂ̂́CۍƍƂ̂ɂ`Iȋʐ̂ƂłjD[ƂɁCCl̋ʋ`q́Cx̍C{IɃ}ȐAɂ鍪ɂĂ@\<a href="#R6"><sup>6,9,11-14)</sup></a>DāC̐iւĂȂfŒN[hȊO̎ɂĂʋ`q̋@\͕ۑĂDťƁC̐iɂċʋ`q͐iĂȂƂɂȂDۂɁC}ȐAƂ͓Ɨč\lƍlAN`mUAɂĂlɁCʋ`q̓A[oXL[ۍۂƂ݂̋̂Ȃ炸̌`ɂKvł邱ƂĂ<a href="#R12"><sup>12,15,16)</sup></a>Dȏ̂ƂCfŒN[hɂ鍪̐íCłɊmꂽۍɂ@\iȂ킿CʋoHĵ܂ܗpƍl<a href="#R17"><sup>17)</sup></a>D
@ۂƂ̋ɂċʋoĤ͂́C̕\ɂ鍪ۂ̊єwɂ鍪̌`̗UłDɑ΂āCA[oXL[ۍۂƂ̋ɂċʋoĤ͂́C\ɂt킩̓ێ̌`єwɂێ̐N̑OiKłזE̍č\ł<a href="#R4"><sup>4,18-21)</sup></a>DȂ킿CʋoH͂\`q݂̂Ȃ炸C̋@\ɂĂƋۍƂ̂őłƂi<a href="#F2">}2</a>jDāCʋ`q͍̐iɂďdvȖ͂̂́Ci̒ڂ̋NƂ͍lɂDȂ킿CɂvfBX|WV𖾂炩ɂ邽߂ɂ́CʋoHȊÖqɂĂ݂͂ĂKvD

<a name="F2"></a><div id="fig2-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}2@Ƌۍ̊̉ߒɂ鑊</strong>
iajۂɂ鍪Dۂ͋Ȃтɂ܂悤ɑBi}CNRj[jChɗR\ł銴LDۂ͊̓ɂđBȂ犴D̒ʂ蓹͑Oɂ茈肳CwwɂčזE􂪊JnD
ibjA[oXL[ۍۂɂۍDOێh̕\ƐڐG邱Ƃɂt킪`CێBDێ̒ʂ蓹͑ONuɂ茈肳CwwɂĎ}̂̔BɕKvȍזE\UD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.2.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=2&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.2.png&amp;caption=fig2-caption-text]


<h2>2Dhɂ鋤VOi̎e</h2>
@ۂƂ̋ł́CʋoH̏㗬ɂčۂ̕傷鋤VOiłNodq̎e@\DNodq̓AV̕tꂽZL`ISiLCOjłCۂ̎ɂCL`IS̏dxi3`5jCҌ[ɕtꂽAV̍ѕsOaxCҌ[єҌ[̏CɈႢCۂ̏hِ肷v̂ЂƂɂȂĂ<a href="#R22"><sup>22)</sup></a>DNodq͏h̍̕\̍זEɋǍ݂2LysM^ẽLi[[i~ROTNFR5/^E}SVNFPCсC~ROTNFR1/^E}SVLYK3jɂeƍlĂ<a href="#R23"><sup>23-26)</sup></a>D̎ê̓we}[`Ă<a href="#R27"><sup>27-29)</sup></a>CNFR5/NFPLysMhC̑l͂ɏqׂhِ肵Ă<a href="#R30"><sup>30,31)</sup></a>DNFR1NFR5ƓlɐwIȊZxNodqƌ<a href="#R32"><sup>32,33)</sup></a>DNFR1/LYK3͎ȃ_̂ɑ΂CNFR5/NFPɂ͎ȃ_Ă邽߁Cê̑ݍpʋoHɂVOi`Bɂďdvłƍl<a href="#R25"><sup>25,27)</sup></a>D
@A[oXL[ۍۂ͑jň`wIȎ@mĂȂƂC̋VOi͒młCŋ߂ɂȂCA[oXL[ۍۂNodqɗގ\̉̕𕪔傷邱Ƃꂽ<a href="#R34"><sup>34)</sup></a>D[ƂɁC̉iMyc-LCOj̓^E}SVɂăA[oXL[ۍۂ̊𑣐î݂Ȃ炸C̔B𑣐i<a href="#R34"><sup>34)</sup></a>D̔BNodqɂĂi邪C̑i͋ʋoHɈˑ݂̂Ȃ炸CNodq̓ٓIȎêƂčlĂNFPɂˑ<a href="#R34"><sup>34,35)</sup></a>DȂCClɂA[oXL[ۍۂ邢̓A[oXL[ۍۂ̖Eq̐Zotɂ鑤̔B̑i͋ʋoHɈˑȂ<a href="#R36"><sup>36,37)</sup></a>CA[oXL[ۍۂ̊NFP͕KvƂȂƂȂǂ<a href="#R38"><sup>38,39)</sup></a>CMyc-LCÔ݂A[oXL[ۍۂ̋ɕKvƂ邩ǂɂĂ͋^̗]nD
@NFR5/NFP̓}ȂɂSQmdɂ萶Ă<a href="#R40"><sup>40,41)</sup></a>C<em>Parasponia</em>ɂI[\O͍ыۍ̗Ɋ֗^邱Ƃ<a href="#R42"><sup>42)</sup></a>C^E}SV~ROTȂǂ̃}Ȃł͏dpÖiȂ킿CNFR5/NFPjNodq̎êƂĐiCiA[oXL[ۍۂ̐ڎɂ`q̔ULYS11/LYR1jMyc-LCO̎êƂċ@\𕪒S\<a href="#R40"><sup>40,42)</sup></a>i<a href="#F3">}3</a>jD}Ȃ̊ɂă}Ȃƕ򂵂WPcCoȂ̃}EYGhEi<em>Chamaecrista fasciculata</em>jɂĂ̓}Ȃɂ݂ꂽSQmdF߂ꂸ<a href="#R41"><sup>41)</sup></a>C<em>Parasponia</em>ƓlNFR5/NFP̃I[\O͒P̈`qɃR[hĂ<a href="#R42"><sup>42)</sup></a>C݂邱ƂC̈`qыۍ̗Ɋ֗^Ă邩ǂ͋[ƂłDȂȂ΁C<em>Parasponia</em>⃄}EYGhEɂNFR5/NFP̃I[\OۂуA[oXL[ۍۂɗRقȂ镪qLCOe邱ƂɂC}ȁi~ROTC^E}SVCGhEjɂĂ݂ꂽNodq̍\ɓٓIȔF͋N炸<a href="#R43"><sup>43)</sup></a>C͂Ȃ킿CfŒN[ĥ݂Ȃ炸CݓIɂ̓A[oXL[ۍۂ̏h̑SʂɂčہiɗR鋤VOijFł邱ƂɂȂ邩łDۂɁCqAɂ͍Ƃ͓ƗLCO̎ê݂ƍlĂ悢񍐂<a href="#R44"><sup>44)</sup></a>CLCŐ@\Ƃ̎eɂĂ͂Ȃ錤KvłD

<a name="F3"></a><div id="fig3-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}3@fŒN[hɂLysM^ẽLi[[̐i</strong>
}ȂɂSQmdɂC}ȂɂNFR5/NFPLYS11/LYR1Ƃ2ނ̃pO݂DCWPcCoȂȂǂɂ͈`qd݂͂ȂD}Ȃ̊ɂ2ɂ킽`qdɂCCERK1NFR1/LYK3D
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.3.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=3&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.3.png&amp;caption=fig3-caption-text]

@CNodqƂ͈قȂC̕tĂȂZL`ISi4`5jA[oXL[ۍۂ̋VOiƂĔFꋤʋoH̊ɂȂƂ񍐂<a href="#R45"><sup>45,46)</sup></a>D̉ɂNFP邢NFR1/LYK3͊֗^Ȃ<a href="#R39"><sup>39,45,46)</sup></a>CCNFR5NFR1̒ZL`ISɑ΂錋\͒ႢƂ<a href="#R32"><sup>32,33)</sup></a>CNodq̎êƂ͕ʂ̎éíjdvłƍlDŋ߂ɂȂCL`ISi6`8j̔FɊ֗^LysM^ẽLi[[łCERK1A[oXL[ۍۂ̋ɂe邱Ƃ炩ɂꂽ<a href="#R39"><sup>39,47)</sup></a>D̃L`IS͐Aa̐^ۂFۂ̃GV^[Ƃčp邪CCERK1͐Aa׋ۂɗRGV^[ƂẴyv`hOJ̎eɂ֗^Ă邱ƁCL`ISɑ΂錋\͍ȂƂȂǂCۂ̎êł͂ȂêƑݍpA_v^[Ƃċ@\ĂƍlĂ<a href="#R48"><sup>48)</sup></a>D݂̂ƂCCERK1Myc-LCO邢͒ZL`IŜǂ̔FɊ֗^Ă邩͕sł邪CGV^[̔FƓlɃA_v^[ƂĂ͂炢Ă\D
@}ȐAȊOLysM^ẽLi[[̂C}ȐANFR1/LYK3ɂƂ̍̂CERK1ł邪C}ȂɂĂCERK1̈`qdɂ3̃N[h`ĂĈ̂ЂƂNodq̔FɁCЂƂL`IS̔FɊ֗^ĂƍlĂ<a href="#R49"><sup>49)</sup></a>i<a href="#F3">}3</a>jDNFR1/LYK3CERK1̃Li[[hC͕ۑĂCۂɁChCXbvɂNFR1̃Li[[hCCERK1̃Li[[hCƑւ邱Ƃł<a href="#R47"><sup>47,49)</sup></a>iCA[oXL[ۍۂƂ݂̋̂AɗRCERK1̂݁jD̂Ƃ́CCERK1̉NFR1̉ʋoHƂĕۑĂCݍp̉eɂLi[[hCɑ΂镉̑I݂邱ƂĂ<a href="#R49"><sup>49)</sup></a>DNFR5/NFPƓlɁC<em>Parasponia</em>CERK1̓A[oXL[ۍۂƂ݂̋̂Ȃ炸ۂƂ̋ɂdvł̂C̉͂҂D
@ȏ𑍍ƁCA[oXL[ۍۂ̋Ɋ֗^鋤VOi̎eɂĂ͕sȓ_̂́CêƂLysM^ẽLi[[̊֗^Ă邱Ƃ͊m炵D܂C̏ȂƂꕔɂĂ̓}ȐAɂNodq̎eɐiƑz肳DȂC}ȐAɂ鍪Ƃ͓ƗɐiCAN`mUA̍ɂ鋤VOiɂẮCv<em>Frankia</em>׋ۂ̃QmɂĂLCO`q݂ȂƂ<a href="#R50"><sup>50,51)</sup></a>CɂLysM^ẽLi[[̐i͍ۂɓٓIłăvfBX|WV̗vƂ͍lɂD܂C}ȐAɂ鋤VOi̎eƃAN`mUAɂ鋤VOi̎e͎ʐǐʂłƍlĂ悢낤D

<h2>3DɎ_ƍ̌`</h2>
@ʋoH̉ł͍̌`ɕKvȈ`q̓]ʂC̈`q̔UĂD܂łɁC}Ȃ̃fAɂč̌`݂̂Ɋ֗^]ʈql̃^pN`wIɓ肳ĂC@\ψقɂ荪̌`̍ŏ̒łwזE̕􂪗UȂ`q<em>NIN</em>`q݂̂łDāC̐iɂvfBX|WV̎̂Ƃ<em>NIN</em>`q͗L͂ȌɂȂDNINDNAhCłRWP-RKC<em>NIN</em>`q͍̌`̊JnɕKvȈ`q̂Ȃł͗BCۂ̐ڎɂ肷݂₩ɔ㏸<a href="#R52"><sup>52-55)</sup></a>D<em>NIN</em>`qߏɔƍۂ݂̑ɂ炸l̍\`邱ƂCNIN͋ʋoH̉ŋ@\鍪̌`ɂ}X^[M[^[łƍl<a href="#R56"><sup>56)</sup></a>D
@NIŇ͍`ɓٓIȓ]ʈqłƍlĂ邪C̃zOłNLṔiȂƂjqAɂčLۑĂ<a href="#R57"><sup>57-59)</sup></a>i<a href="#F4">}4</a>jDNLP3̃Tut@~[ɕނCNINNLP1N[hɑ<a href="#R57"><sup>57,59)</sup></a>D[ƂɁCNLP1̓oނуLNނ܂ސ^oqtނ̊ɂĕ򂵂ĂCNINTuN[h͒fŒN[hɑ݂̂Ȃ炸CoނуLNނ̑SʂɂăzOF߂<a href="#R59"><sup>59)</sup></a>D͒fŒN[ĥ݂ɂ݂邱ƂC^oqtނ̊ɂč̃vfBX|WVlꂽƂ͍lɂCNLP1NINiߒɂNIN͕ʂ̋@\iĂƑz肳DNLP̋@\̖͂炵΂炭̂mĂȂ<a href="#R57"><sup>57)</sup></a>Cŋ߂ɂȂCɎ_̃}X^[M[^[ł邱Ƃ炩ɂꂽ<a href="#R60"><sup>60,61)</sup></a>DVCkiYĩQmɂ9NLP̃zOF߂邪ĈCNLP3N[hɑVCkiYiNLP7̈`q͒fR̕\^<a href="#R62"><sup>62)</sup></a>CɎ_̃VOi`BѓɊ֌W鑽̈`q̓]ʐ̈Ɍ邱Ƃꂽ<a href="#R60"><sup>60)</sup></a>DVCkiYiNLP7ȊÕzOɂĂɎ_zɌ邱Ƃ炩ɂĂ<a href="#R61"><sup>61)</sup></a>D[ƂɁCɎ_zNINVXzƑCۂɁCNIN͏Ɏ_zƌ邱ƂCNIN܂NLPt@~[ɂDNAhCłRWP-RK͋@\IɕۑĂƍl<a href="#R63"><sup>63,64)</sup></a>DƂ낪Č`͏Ɏ_ɂ}C܂CۂĂvȏɎ_`q̔͗UȂƂCɎ_𐳂ɐ䂷NLPƍ̌`𐳂ɐ䂷NIN͓]ʐ̈ւ̌ɑ΂hRIɍpĂ̂Ȃ<a href="#R64"><sup>64)</sup></a>D

<a name="F4"></a><div id="fig4-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}4@qAɂNLP̐i</strong>
NLP͒Pqtѐ^oqtƂNLP1`NLP3̃N[hɕނDNLP1͂ɐ^oqt̊ɂNLP1NINɕ򂵂D
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.4.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=4&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.4.png&amp;caption=fig4-caption-text]

@̌`iۂ̊j͂Ȃ鍪̌`𕉂ɐ䂷<a href="#R65"><sup>65)</sup></a>D͐A̐헪݂ƍIłCKvȏɍ`邱Ƃ͂ꂾY邱ƂɂȂhɕSDۂɁC̃tB[hobNj]ψّ̂ɂĂ͍ۂ̊ɈˑāCƂɒn㕔̐炪邵jQ<a href="#R66"><sup>66)</sup></a>DlɁC\ȏɎ_ł͍ɂ钂fŒKvȂƂCɎ_ɂ鍪̌`̗}IłDۂɂ鍪̌`̗}ɂ܂NIN֗^ĂDۂNIN̂]ʊɂCLEyv`hR[h`q̔U<a href="#R67"><sup>67)</sup></a>Dɂ2ނCLEyv`h֗^邪Ĉ̂ЂƂ̔͏Ɏ_ɂĂU<a href="#R68"><sup>68)</sup></a>DCLEyv`h͒n㕔ւƗALRR^ẽLi[[HAR1̃KhƂĂ͂炭<a href="#R69"><sup>69)</sup></a>DHAR1̉ɂĒn㕔ɂTCgJCj̍iCŏIIɍɂ鍪̌`}<a href="#R70"><sup>70)</sup></a>D
@~ROTHAR1̓VCkiYiCLV1̃I[\OłCCLV1CLEyv`hłCLV3F邱ƂɂsgD̑傫𕉂ɐ䂷Ď`ɂɎ_ɂCLV1֗^Ă<a href="#R71"><sup>71)</sup></a>CHAR1ɂ鍪̌`̐Ɏ_îȂDۂɁCɏqׂ悤HAR1͏Ɏ_Ɉˑč̐𕉂ɐ䂷قC̐ɐ䂷<a href="#R66"><sup>66)</sup></a>DCɎ_͑̌`̐ɏdvȖ͂Ă<a href="#R72"><sup>72)</sup></a>CƂ΁CVCkiYiNLP7͑̌`ɂe<a href="#R62"><sup>62)</sup></a>D܂CVCkiYiɂāCɎ_̌Rɂ蔭UCEP1yv`hɌLRR^ẽLi[[CEPŔČ`𕉂ɐ䂷<a href="#R73"><sup>73)</sup></a>Dl̊֌W̓^E}SVɂ݂邪Č`͐ɐ䂳邱Ƃ瑤̌`ƍ̌`ƂhR֌WɂȂĂ<a href="#R74"><sup>74,75)</sup></a>D

<h2>4Ď`ƍ̌`</h2>
@ȏɏqׂ悤ɁČ`̃}X^[M[^[łNIN͏Ɏ_̃}X^[M[^[łNLPiCɎ_͑̌`ƖڂȊ֌Ŵ邱ƂČ`̐iɂNLP䂷鑤̌`vO𕔕Iɗp\<a href="#R59"><sup>59)</sup></a>DāCNIN]ʂ𐧌䂷鉺̈`q̂Ȃɑ̌`Ɋ֗^`qĂȂD
@NINNF-ỸTujbgR[h<em>NF-YA1</em>`q<em>NF-YB1</em>`q̔𐳂ɐ䂷<a href="#R56"><sup>56)</sup></a>DNF-YCCAAT{bNXɌ]ʈqłC̈`qߏɔƔw̍זE􂪑iƂƂɈُȑ̌`U<a href="#R56"><sup>56)</sup></a>DtɁC<em>NF-YA1</em>`q̔}ƍ̌`jQ<a href="#R56"><sup>56,76)</sup></a>D}ȂɂĂNF-YA1̑N[hdĂ<a href="#R77"><sup>77)</sup></a>CNF-YA1̃pO͍ɂĂ͔UȂ<a href="#R78"><sup>78)</sup></a>D}ȐANF-YA1̃VCkiYiɂI[\O͑̌`Ɋ֗^邱Ƃ<a href="#R79"><sup>79)</sup></a>C}ȐAɂĂ͑̌`Ɋ֗^ĂNF-Ÿ`qdɂ萶pOCVKNIN̐]ʐ̈ľ`Ɋ֗^悤ɂȂ\DۂɁCAN`mUAłOEJN}IEi<em>Casuarina glauca</em>jɂẮCNIN̔}邱Ƃɂ荪̌`jQ̂́C}ȐAƂ͈قȂ荪ɂĔ<em>NF-YA1</em>`q<em>NF-YB1</em>`q̃zO̔ɂ͉eȂ<a href="#R55"><sup>55)</sup></a>D̂Ƃ́CNINɂNF-Y̔@\̓}ȐA̍ɓIł邱ƂĂĎ`ԂrƁCAN`mUA̍͑ɗގĂi<a href="#F5">}5</a>jČ`̉ߒ݂Ă̕ό`̂ƍlĂ<a href="#R80"><sup>80)</sup></a>DC}ȐA̍́C̍\̓AN`mUA̍ɗގĂ̂́CۊǑ̍\ь`̉ߒ͑傫قȂ<a href="#R51"><sup>51)</sup></a>DāCAN`mUA̍̓}ȐA̍Ƃ͑łC܂Cʐǐʂłƍl<a href="#R2"><sup>2)</sup></a>D

<a name="F5"></a><div id="fig5-caption-text" style="display: none;"><strong>}5@CAN`mUA̍C}ȐA̍̔r</strong>
iajD[ɍC卪璆ۊǑ򂵂ĂDgD݂D
ibjAN`mUA̍DƓlɁCۊǑ`DgD݂DfŒ׋ۂhזEɊ銴̈ChזEɎ荞܂ꂽfŒ׋ۂIȒfŒNfŒ̈ChזE̒fŒ׋ۂhɂ蕪V̈ɋ敪D
icj}ȐA^E}SV̍DӈۊǑ`DgD݂D̈CfŒ̈CV̈ɋ敪D}ȐAł~ROT̍ɂẮCgĎ͍`̏ɏCfŒ݂̈̂ŗ̈̋敪݂ȂD
<a href="http://leading.lifesciencedb.jp/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.5.jpg" target="_blank">[Download]</a></div>[hs_figure id=5&amp;image=/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Hayashi-4.e010-Fig.5.png&amp;caption=fig5-caption-text]


<h2></h2>
@ȏ̂ƂC}ȐAɂ鍪̌`́Cỉߒɂĕ̐@\W[ƂĊlƂɂ萬ƍlD̒Sƍl̂]ʈqNINłCɂ`Ԍ`̐iƓl<a href="#R81"><sup>81)</sup></a>C`qdȂǂɂ]ʈq̐VK̋@\̊lƂƂɁC̏㗬щɂ]ʐ̈̐VK̊lW[̍ČȂʁCVK̊튯ł鍪̐iɂȂƍl<a href="#R59"><sup>59)</sup></a>D
@M҂́C_ƂāC̃vfBX|WVɂďdvȂ͂炫̂NINƑz肵ĂDłɋc_ƂCNodq̎eɊ֗^LysM^ẽLi[[́C̗RۍƂĂv<em>Frankia</em>׋ۂNodqȂƂ珜OD܂CA[oXL[ۍۂƂ̋ɂKvȋʋ`q́CAɍLۑĂ邱ƂΏۊOłDāC_ōl̂NIN݂̂łC}ȐA邢̓AN`mUA킸NIŇ͍`ɂďdvł邱ƂC̉ɂėU鍪̌`vO̓}ȐAƃAN`mUAƂł͈ꕔقȂƍl̂́CʋoHNIN܂ޓ]ʐ@\lƂłƌ_DNIN̑c^łNLP͏Ɏ_̃}X^[M[^[łCɏqׂ悤ɁČ`͏Ɏ_ɂĂ䂳CɂNIN̉̌`Ԍ`vONLP̌`Ԍ`vOƗގĂ\D}ȐAɂĂ͑̌`Ԍ`vONF-Y̊lVɓ]pƂɂCVK̊튯ł鍪̌`ɂȂ̂ł͂Ȃ낤D
@fŒN[h̐i͂悻1N܂ɋNƍlĂ邪C̐i6疜N܂ȑOɂ͂̂ڂȂ<a href="#R2"><sup>2)</sup></a>DāCȂƂ4疜N̂CfŒN[h̑c͍i|eViȂ킿CvfBX|WVj͊lĂ̂́Cۂɍi邱Ƃ͂ȂƂɂȂDȂ킿CvfBX|WV̖͍ł͂Ȃm̌`ɂďdvȖ͂ĂƂɂȂDȂCɂqׂʓIȌn͂ɂƁC̃vfBX|WV͒fŒN[hɂ17񎸂ĂƗ\Ă<a href="#R3"><sup>3)</sup></a>D̂Ƃ́CfŒN[h̕UɂăvfBX|WV͏dvł̂́Ĉ̂CȂ炩́ijv̕ωɂ葽̒fŒN[hł̓vfBX|WVɑ΂IቺCʂƂāČ`̐i\̂낤DvfBX|WV̑rƌ̐Ƃr邱ƂɂCvfBX|WV̖{ɂ܂邱Ƃ\Ȃ<a href="#R82"><sup>82)</sup></a>D
@́Cŏqׂ̌`̂قCۂ̏hւ̊ƍזEւ̎荞݁iזEjCIȒfŒCƂ܂ɂ3̒iKɂ̉ߒ𕪂邱ƂłCꂼ̒iKɂāC`qȂǂɂ錟؂ӂ܂wIȃAv[`ɂvɂč\\łƍlĂĎ`ɂĂ͋ߔN̕q`w̐ʂT߂Ă邪Cۂ̊эזEƋIȒfŒɂĂ͂ȂmKvłDCClȐAɂ鍪`̍č\ƕsāC}Ȃ̃fAɂčۂƂ̋̑Se𕪎q`wIɖ炩ɂ邱ƂdvłD

<h2> </h2>
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<li id="R10"><span class='au'>Delaux, P. M., Varala, K., Edger, P. P. et al.</span>: <span class="ti">Comparative phylogenomics uncovers the impact of symbiotic associations on host genome evolution.</span> <span class='so'>PLoS Genet., 10, e1004487 (2014)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25032823" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
<li id="R11"><span class='au'>Godfroy, O., Debelle, F., Timmers, T. et al.</span>: <span class="ti">A rice calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase restores nodulation to a legume mutant.</span> <span class='so'>Mol. Plant Microbe Interact., 19, 495-501 (2006)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16673936" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
<li id="R12"><span class='au'>Markmann, K., Giczey, G. & Parniske, M.</span>: <span class="ti">Functional adaptation of a plant receptor-kinase paved the way for the evolution of intracellular root symbioses with bacteria.</span> <span class='so'>PLoS Biol., 6, e68 (2008)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18318603" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
<li id="R13"><span class='au'>Banba, M., Gutjahr, C., Miyao, A. et al.</span>: <span class="ti">Divergence of evolutionary ways among common <em>sym</em> genes: CASTOR and CCaMK show functional conservation between two symbiosis systems and constitute the root of a common symbiosis pathway.</span> <span class='so'>Plant Cell Physiol., 49, 1659-1671 (2008)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18852152" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
<li id="R14"><span class='au'>Yano, K., Yoshida, S., Muller, J. et al.</span>: <span class="ti">CYCLOPS, a mediator of symbiotic intracellular accommodation.</span> <span class='so'>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 20540-20545 (2008)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19074278" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
<li id="R15"><span class='au'>Gherbi, H., Markmann, K., Svistoonoff, S. et al.</span>: <span class="ti">SymRK defines a common genetic basis for plant root endosymbioses with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, rhizobia, and <em>Frankia</em> bacteria.</span> <span class='so'>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 4928-4932 (2008)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18316735" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
<li id="R16"><span class='au'>Svistoonoff, S., Benabdoun, F. M., Nambiar-Veetil, M. et al.</span>: <span class="ti">The independent acquisition of plant root nitrogen-fixing symbiosis in Fabids recruited the same genetic pathway for nodule organogenesis.</span> <span class='so'>PLoS One, 8, e64515 (2013)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23741336" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
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<li id="R18"><span class='au'>Kistner, C., Winzer, T., Pitzschke, A. et al.</span>: <span class="ti">Seven <em>Lotus japonicus</em> genes required for transcriptional reprogramming of the root during fungal and bacterial symbiosis.</span> <span class='so'>Plant Cell, 17, 2217-2229 (2005)[<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15980262" target="_blank">PubMed</a>]</span></li>
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</ol>
<div class="au-profile">
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<span class="author">   iMakoto Hayashij</span>
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</div>
? 2015     Licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.1/jp/" target="_blank">CC \ 2.1 {</a>
