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indirect
PMID: 12472665, 7508914
Three enzymes, kallikrein, factor XIa and XIIa, in the blood clotting system have the ability to cleave pro-MSP
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 7508914
Three enzymes, kallikrein, factor XIa and XIIa, in the blood clotting system have the ability to cleave pro-MSP
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 7508914
Three enzymes, kallikrein, factor XIa and XIIa, in the blood clotting system have the ability to cleave pro-MSP
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 8188657, 8609228
Pro-MSP activation was also observed in wound fluids collected from surgical patients [32], presumably mediated by tissue proteases such as epidermal growth factor-binding protein and nerve growth factor-γ[32], or by cell-surface proteases located on tissue macrophages [28].
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 8188657, 8609228
Pro-MSP activation was also observed in wound fluids collected from surgical patients [32], presumably mediated by tissue proteases such as epidermal growth factor-binding protein and nerve growth factor-γ[32], or by cell-surface proteases located on tissue macrophages [28].
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 8188657, 8609228
Pro-MSP activation was also observed in wound fluids collected from surgical patients [32], presumably mediated by tissue proteases such as epidermal growth factor-binding protein and nerve growth factor-γ[32], or by cell-surface proteases located on tissue macrophages [28].
PMID: 12472665, 7939629, 7732008, 8062829
MSP binds the RON receptor.
indirect
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 7514598, 9794431
The inhibitory effect of MSP on macrophages was first demonstrated in vitro, in which treatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages with physiological concentrations of MSP inhibits lipopolysaccharides (LPS)- or cytokine-induced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NO production
indirect
indirect
The inhibitory effect of MSP on macrophages was first demonstrated in vitro, in which treatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages with physiological concentrations of MSP inhibits lipopolysaccharides (LPS)- or cytokine-induced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NO production
indirect
PMID: 12472665,
LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by macrophages was also inhibited by MSP
PMID: 12472665, 10557102, 10878375
Recently, it was shown that double-stranded RNA-regulated protein kinase (PKR) also plays a critical role in LPS-induced iNOS expression.
Inactivation of PKR gene results in the failure of iNOS induction by LPS
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10878375
Inactivation of PKR gene results in the failure of iNOS induction by LPS
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10586055
RON activation affect IFN-γ-induced STAT1 phosphorylation and IRF-1 or IRF-2 expression
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10586055
RON activation affect IFN-γ-induced STAT1 phosphorylation and IRF-1 or IRF-2 expression
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10586055
RON activation affect IFN-γ-induced STAT1 phosphorylation and IRF-1 or IRF-2 expression
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10586055
After LPS and IFN-γ stimulation, nuclear translocation of NFκB was significantly reduced upon RON activation
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10586055
After LPS and IFN-γ stimulation, nuclear translocation of NFκB was significantly reduced upon RON activation
PMID: 12472665, 10586055
RON activation also caused decreased binding of NFκB to its consensus sequence [
indirect
PMID: 12472665,10837071,10847627, 11521070
In mouse macrophages, two separate but cooperative signalling pathways are involved in the induction of iNOS expression: LPS-induced TRL4 > MyD88 > IRAK > IKK > nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway [54, 55] and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced JAK/STAT/IFN-response factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway [54–56]
NFκB is normally sequestered in the cytoplasm by NFκB inhibitor protein IκBs such as IκBα[64]. LPS stimulation causes the degradation of IκBα, which releases NFκB, leading to its nuclear translocation [64]
Using Raw264.7 cells expressing RON, we demonstrated that MSP treatment significantly prevents the decrease of LPS-induced IκBα degradationFirst, we found that MSP inhibits LPS-induced IκBα degradation in macrophages
PMID: 12472665, 10837071
LPS stimulation causes the degradation of IκBα, which releases NFκB, leading to its nuclear translocation
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 9804806
IKKβ, also known as IKK1, is the intermediate upstream kinase responsible for the phosphorylation of IκBs including IκBα[65]. Reduced phosphorylation and decreased degradation of IκBα suggest that MSP may affect LPS-induced IKKβ activity
PMID: 12472665, 9794431
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of PI-3 kinase, prevented the inhibitory effect of RON on iNOS gene transcription activity and NO production induced by LPS and IFN-γ
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 7514598, 9794431
The inhibitory effect of MSP on macrophages was first demonstrated in vitro, in which treatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages with physiological concentrations of MSP inhibits lipopolysaccharides (LPS)- or cytokine-induced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NO production
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
Blocking NO production by transforming growth factor-β and MSP prevented LPS-induced inhibition of RON expression
indirect
Studies of deletion of successive regions, which encompass potential SP-1 sites, suggested that SP-1 or a protein with a binding specificity similar to SP-1 may be involved in the positive regulation of the RON gene transcription
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
We have shown that a chemical NO donor, S-nitroglutathione (GSNO) or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), directly inhibits the RON expression when added to cell culture
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
We have shown that in mice injected intraperitoneally with LPS, RON expression is significantly reduced or lost in the peritoneal macrophages [72]. The levels of RON mRNA and protein were also diminished in cultured macrophages following LPS stimulation
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
Interestingly, tumour necrosis factor-α together with IFN-γ abrogated the macrophage RON expression, although each individual cytokine alone had no effect
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 9467940, 7632741
Studies of deletion of successive regions, which encompass potential SP-1 sites, suggested that SP-1 or a protein with a binding specificity similar to SP-1 may be involved in the positive regulation of the RON gene transcription
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
We have shown that a chemical NO donor, S-nitroglutathione (GSNO) or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), directly inhibits the RON expression when added to cell culture
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
We have shown that in mice injected intraperitoneally with LPS, RON expression is significantly reduced or lost in the peritoneal macrophages [72]. The levels of RON mRNA and protein were also diminished in cultured macrophages following LPS stimulation
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
Interestingly, tumour necrosis factor-α together with IFN-γ abrogated the macrophage RON expression, although each individual cytokine alone had no effect
PMID: 12472665
IFN-gamma binds its receptor.
PMID: 12472665
cytokine binds its receptor
PMID: 12472665
LPS binds its receptor.
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 9794431
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of PI-3 kinase, prevented the inhibitory effect of RON on iNOS gene transcription activity and NO production induced by LPS and IFN-γ[
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 9794431
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of PI-3 kinase, prevented the inhibitory effect of RON on iNOS gene transcription activity and NO production induced by LPS and IFN-γ[
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 9794431
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of PI-3 kinase, prevented the inhibitory effect of RON on iNOS gene transcription activity and NO production induced by LPS and IFN-γ
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
Blocking NO production by transforming growth factor-β and MSP prevented LPS-induced inhibition of RON expression
PMID: 12472665, 7514598, 9794431
The inhibitory effect of MSP on macrophages was first demonstrated in vitro, in which treatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages with physiological concentrations of MSP inhibits lipopolysaccharides (LPS)- or cytokine-induced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NO production
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 9794431
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of PI-3 kinase, prevented the inhibitory effect of RON on iNOS gene transcription activity and NO production induced by LPS and IFN-γ
PMID: 12472665, 10725742
Blocking NO production by transforming growth factor-β and MSP prevented LPS-induced inhibition of RON expression
PMID: 12472665
TNF-alpha binds its receptor.
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10847627, 11521070
In mouse macrophages, two separate but cooperative signalling pathways are involved in the induction of iNOS expression: LPS-induced TRL4 > MyD88 > IRAK > IKK > nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway [54, 55] and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced JAK/STAT/IFN-response factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway [54–56]
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10847627, 11521070
In mouse macrophages, two separate but cooperative signalling pathways are involved in the induction of iNOS expression: LPS-induced TRL4 > MyD88 > IRAK > IKK > nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway [54, 55] and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced JAK/STAT/IFN-response factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway [54–56]
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10847627, 11521070
In mouse macrophages, two separate but cooperative signalling pathways are involved in the induction of iNOS expression: LPS-induced TRL4 > MyD88 > IRAK > IKK > nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway [54, 55] and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced JAK/STAT/IFN-response factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway [54–56]
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10847627, 11521070
In mouse macrophages, two separate but cooperative signalling pathways are involved in the induction of iNOS expression: LPS-induced TRL4 > MyD88 > IRAK > IKK > nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway [54, 55] and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced JAK/STAT/IFN-response factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway [54–56]
In mouse macrophages, two separate but cooperative signalling pathways are involved in the induction of iNOS expression: LPS-induced TRL4 > MyD88 > IRAK > IKK > nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway [54, 55] and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced JAK/STAT/IFN-response factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway [54–56]
indirect
PMID: 12472665, 10847627, 11521070, 11536325
In mouse macrophages, two separate but cooperative signalling pathways are involved in the induction of iNOS expression: LPS-induced TRL4 > MyD88 > IRAK > IKK > nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway [54, 55] and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-induced JAK/STAT/IFN-response factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway [54–56]